饥饿对南美白对虾生化组成及补偿生长的影响  

The effects of starvation on biochemical composition and compensatory growth in Penaeus vannamei

作　　者：林小涛[1] 周小壮[1] 于赫男[1] 林继辉[2] 许忠能[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广东广州510632 [2]湛江海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524100

出　　处：《水产学报》2004年第1期47-53,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(000719);广东省教育厅"千百十工程"优秀人才培养基金(Q02061)

摘　　要：对南美白对虾(初始湿重1.427±0.018g)在29.5±1.5℃条件下进行不同饥饿时间处理后再投喂的实验。实验设对照组C以及饥饿处理组S_1、S_2、S_3、S_4、S_5和S_6共7组,分别饥0d(对照组)、1d、2d、3d、4d、5d和6d后再投喂。实验共进行20d。在饥饿1-6d的过程中,南美白对虾体重、脂肪含量、碳水化合物含量和能值下降,而水分、灰分含量增加,但蛋白质含量没有明显改变。实验结束时,S_1、S_2和S_3组体重与C组没有显著差异(P>0.05),虾体的生化组成也均接近或达到了C组水平,而S_4、S_5和S_6组体重则显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且虾体的生化组成与C组还有一定的差异。在恢复生长过程中,各饥饿处理组的生长率、食物转化率,以及S_4、S_5和S_6三组的摄食率均显著高于C组(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,南美白对虾继饥饿后具有补偿生长效应,这主要是由于恢复摄食后摄食率和食物转化率提高共同作用的结果。The recovery growth of Penaeus vannamei (initial wet weight of 1.427±0.018g), which suffered starvation for different periods at 29.5±1.5℃ was studied. The shrimps were divided into 7 groups, groups C, S_1, S_2, S_3, S_4, S_5 and S_6 which were deprived of food for 0 (control), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 days, respectively. The experiment lasted for 20 days. In body of the Penaeus vannamei starved for 1 to 6 days, weight and contents of energy, lipid and carbohydrate decreased, but contents of water and ash increased significantly, contents of protein did not obviously change. Owing to the significant decreasing of dry weight, the amount of protein in each Penaeus vannamei apparently declined. At the end of the experiment, the mean body weight and the contents of biochemical compositions of groups S_1, S_2 and S_3 were similar to those of the control group, while the body weight and the contents of biochemical compositions of other groups were still significantly lower than those of the control group. During the recovery growth, the growth rate and food conversion efficiency of all the starvation groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, so was the feeding rate of S_4, S_5 and S_6. The results indicated that there was compensatory effect in the Penaeus vannamei following starvation and that the compensatory growth resulted from significant increase of the feeding level and food conversion efficiency which were more obvious during the initial stage in the recovery growth.

关 键 词：南美白对虾 饥饿 生化组成 补偿生长 体重 脂肪 碳水化合物 能值 水分 

分 类 号：S968.229[农业科学—水产养殖] Q959.223.5[农业科学—水产科学]