小学生喜好的外在奖赏及其运用  

Primary Students' Favourite Extrinsic Rewards

作　　者：刘瑛[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范学院初等教育学院,浙江310002

出　　处：《应用心理学》2003年第4期33-37,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

摘　　要：采用问卷调查法 ,以杭州市三所小学 3 1 8名小学生为被试 ,考察了他们对目前学校常用的 2 0种奖项的喜好特点。目的在于揭示这些奖项对小学生的潜在意义 ,为教师运用外在奖赏激励学生学习提供依据。结果表明 :(1 )小学生最喜欢社会认同类 ,其次是特权类 ,最后是学校奖项与零食类奖赏。他们最喜欢的前五种奖赏是 :书、奖状、好分数、玩电脑、去图书馆看书。 (2 )小学生在喜好的奖赏及其结构特点上均存在年级与性别差异。A questionnaire was designed and administered to 318 students from three primary schools in Hangzhou to explore student's most favorite rewards in their school life.The results showed that(1)winning social recognition was the most favourite reward for primary school students,and the privilege reward was ranked as the second.the reward of tit-bits was valued as the least one.It was also found that the top five popular reinforcement were books,citations of reward,academic scores and the permission of computer playing or going to library.(2)Some grade and gender differences of favourite rewards were identified.

关 键 词：小学生 外在奖赏 学习动机 教育方式 认知评价理论 心理学 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学] G625.5[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]