人机协同:理解并建构未来教育世界的方式  

Human-Computer Cooperation: the Way to Understand and Construct the Future Education World

作　　者：毛刚 王良辉[1] Mao Gang;Wang Lianghui(College of Teacher Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学教师教育学院,浙江省智能教育技术与应用重点实验室,金华321004

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2021年第1期16-24,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：2019教育部人文社科青年项目“教育大数据分析与形成性评价的融合路径与效能研究”(19YJC880061);浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“教育中技术运行机制的经验研究”(19NDJC252YB)的部分成果

摘　　要：人工智能技术正从各个方面驱动社会变革。在教育领域,智能技术的应用正在促发教师角色与教学形态的嬗变。然而,仅从技术视角讨论其在教育中的应用容易招致"技术侵入生命价值"的批评。如何理解并重构智能技术下的教育世界是教育理论研究中的关键问题。本研究分析了智能技术的局限以及智能社会对人的要求,提出人机协同的本质是驱动教育创新,是理解未来教育世界的关键概念。在组织形态上,人机协同的教育世界是由学习者与人工智能体共同构成的网络;在运行机制上,要素之间的交互运行构成"自主、协作、探索、创新"的学习系统;其中,数据是驱动教育世界运行的动力来源。最后,文章基于人的安全、归属与成长维度提出"人控制机器、机器适应人、机器赋能智慧"的人机协同原则。The Artificial Intelligence(AI)is driving society changes from all aspects.In the field of education,the AI is promoting the evolution of teachers’role and the teaching models.However,only discussing its application from the perspective of technology will easily lead to the criticism about‘technology invades the value of life’.How to understand and reconstruct the educational world under the supportive of AI is a key issue in the research of educational theory.In this paper,we analyze the limitations of AI and the requirements for human beings in intelligent society.According to this,we propose that‘HumanComputer Cooperation(HCC)’is the core concept of understanding the future education world,and its essence is to drive educational innovation.In terms of organizational form,the educational world is a network composed of learners and artificial agents;in terms of operation mechanism,the interactive of teaching elements constitutes a learning system which includes"selfregulate,cooperation,exploration and innovation";and the data is the driving force for the ongoing of the education world.Finally,based on the dimensions of human security,ownership and growth,we propose the HCC principle,namely,human controls the machine,machine adapts to human,and machine empowers wisdom.

关 键 词：人机协同 人工智能 智能教育 方法论 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]