托马斯·阿奎那论德性  

Thomas Aquinas on Virtue

作　　者：江畅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学高等人文研究院,湖北武汉430063

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2014年第2期63-74,共12页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"西方德性伦理思想研究"(11AZX009)

摘　　要：在托马斯·阿奎那的庞大神学德性伦理学体系中,有一部分内容是有关德性一般性问题的论述。作为他整个德性思想中的核心内容,它是对亚里士多德和奥古斯丁德性论的创造性综合。他认为,德性是的人灵魂的完善能力,体现为习惯。他根据德性的不同本性将德性划分为理智德性、主要德性和神学德性三种类型。除了完全来自外部的神学德性之外,其他德性都在本性上存在于我们身上。德性的本性在于它将引导人向善。道德德性应遵循中道;理智德性的善就其服从一种尺度而言,也在于遵循中道;神学德性的尺度则可能是双重的。托马斯还讨论了不同类型的德性之间的关系以及德性的平等性问题。托马斯的德性思想成一家之言,具有独特的价值和意义,不过,也存在神学性质的局限以及其他缺陷。There is one part which explores virtue in the great theological system of Thomas Aquinas.As the core content of his whole virtue thought,it is the creative integration of Aristotlianism and Augustinianism.It is held by him that virtue represented as custom is the self-improvement capability of the soul.According to different natures of virtue,he classifies it into intellectual virtue,main virtue and theological virtue.Except theological virtue which completely comes from the world outside us,all the other virtue exists in ourselves.The nature of virtue is to guide the man to be good.Moral virtue should observe the principle of mean.The good of intellectual virtue,as observing one principle,is to keep mean.The principles observed by theological virtue are double.Besides,Thomas Aquinas discusses the relationship and equality among different kinds of virtue.Although the virtue thought of Thomas Aquinas has defects,such as that of theological nature,it has distinct value and significance.

关 键 词：托马斯·阿奎那 德性 理智德性 道德德性 神学德性 

分 类 号：B503.21[哲学宗教—外国哲学]