论英语动词祈使语气语法范畴的有无  

A Glimpse of English Verbs in the Imperative Mood

作　　者：易仲良 

出　　处：《外语教学》1992年第4期43-51,60,共10页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：一、引言人类自然语言是人类用以表达客观物质世界和主观思维世界的工具。所谓表达就是进行语言行为(speech acts)。按Aus-tin 的观点,这种行为可区分出三种动作:发话动作(locutionary act)、话内动作(illocutionary act)(如陈述、询问、请求、指使、警告、许诺等)和话外动作(perlocutionary act);在Searle 看来,说话人在对听话人说一句话的时候,通常至少完成下面三种动作:English has no grammatical cate-gory of the imperative mood for theverb.The predicate verb form in animperative sentence is just the formof the second person of the presenttense of a verb or its combinationwith aspect or voice.The use of thepresent tense in an imperative sentenceis only a manifestation of the pragma-tical functions which the present-con-nectiveness of the present tense has.The subject of an imperative sentence,whether employed or left out,whe-ther realized by‘you’or by an in-definite pronoun or a noun phrase,isalways and virtually of the secondperson denoting the addressee.

关 键 词：英语动词 第二人称 祈使句式 现在时态 自然语言 动词形式 谓语动词 不定式 说话人 时态形式 

分 类 号：H3[语言文字]