儿童开始认识几何图形的研究——与皮亚杰“从拓扑到欧氏几何”论点的商榷  

A RESEARCH ON CHILDREN'S UNDERSTANDING OF GEOMETRIC FIGURES—A DISCUSSION ON PIAGET'S COGNITIVE THEORY OF“FROM TOPOLOGY TO EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY”

作　　者：吕静[1] 麦虹[1] 沈晓红[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州大学心理学系

出　　处：《心理科学》1991年第3期6-11,63,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：本研究乃是对皮亚杰关于儿童开始认识几何图形是“从拓扑到欧氏几何”论点的反证。其根据有二:1.儿童认识各种拓扑和欧氏几何图形有难易先后,而非如皮亚杰所说的“儿童认识拓扑关系远早于欧氏几何图形”。2.实验证明,幼儿开始对圆、正方形和三角形都画成不规则的圆形,这是由于其绘画技能不够完善。不能以此作为“儿童认识几何图形是从拓扑开始”的论据。Our findings disprove of Piaget's argu-ment that children's understanding of ge-ometric figures is“from topology to Euclideangeometry”.There are two reasons:1)ourstudy reveals that children' understandingof topology and Euclidean geometry dependson their level of difficulty.Piaget's state-ment that children recognize topologic rela-tions far earlier than Euclidean geometricfigures is unsound;2)infants tend to drawall their circles,squares and triangles in theshape of irregular circles,because theirfinger muscles and drawing skill are not yetwell-developed.Therefore,what the infantsdraw can not be used to support Piaget'sargument that children's understanding ofgeometric figures begins with topology.

关 键 词：儿童 欧氏几何 皮亚杰 三角形 几何图形 拓扑关系 正方形 复合图形 显著差异 封闭图形 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]