儿童相差概念形成过程的实验研究  

An Experimental Research on Children's Concept of Difference Between Two Numbers

作　　者：吕静[1] 何剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州大学心理系

出　　处：《心理科学通讯》1989年第6期9-13,66,共6页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：两数相差概念是小学低年级教学中的一个难点和重点。掌握这概念的关键在于儿童对两数相比的认识,为此,我们设计了由易到难对数进行比较的三组试题测试儿童。结果得知,两数相差概念的获得,首先要建立两数“同样多”的概念。同时知道儿童掌握两差概念的发展过程是由具体外表到抽象认识;从被动直观到能主动操作;从直接认知到间接认知。The concept of the difference between two numbers is an importantbut difficult concept for children tograsp.Three principal steps are takenin this experiment to explore theprocess of its development and itscognitive structure in children.Ourfindings,the child dose not grasp thatconcept until he or she can understandthe comparison between two equalnumbers.The development of thisconcept is from passive operationto active,and from direct cognition toindirect.

关 键 词：形成过程 操作题 小学低年级 认知结构 试题 儿童 难点 教学 概念形成 图片 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]