Neural differentiation from pluripotent stem cells:The role of natural and synthetic extracellular matrix  

作　　者：Yan Li Meimei Liu Yuanwei Yan Shang-Tian Yang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering,FAMU-FSU College of Engineering,Florida State University [2]Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,The Ohio State University [3]Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering,FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University

出　　处：《World Journal of Stem Cells》2014年第1期11-23,共13页世界干细胞杂志（英文版）（电子版）

基　　金：Supported by FSU start up fund and FSU Research Foundation GAP award;partial support from National Science Foundation,No.1342192

摘　　要：Neural cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells(PSCs), including both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, provide a powerful tool for drug screening, disease modeling and regenerative medicine. High-purity oligodendrocyte progenitor cells(OPCs) and neural progenitor cells(NPCs) have been derived from PSCs recently due to the advancements in understanding the developmental signaling pathways. Extracellular matrices(ECM) have been shown to play important roles in regulating the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neural cells. To improve the function and maturation of the derived neural cells from PSCs, understanding the effects of ECM over the course of neural differentiation of PSCs is critical. During neural differentiation of PSCs, the cells are sensitive to the properties of natural or synthetic ECMs, including biochemical composition, biomechanical properties, and structural/topographical features. This review summarizes recent advances in neural differentiation of humanPSCs into OPCs and NPCs, focusing on the role of ECM in modulating the composition and function of the differentiated cells. Especially, the importance of using three-dimensional ECM scaffolds to simulate the in vivo microenvironment for neural differentiation of PSCs is highlighted. Future perspectives including the immediate applications of PSC-derived neural cells in drug screening and disease modeling are also discussed.Neural cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells(PSCs), including both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, provide a powerful tool for drug screening, disease modeling and regenerative medicine. High-purity oligodendrocyte progenitor cells(OPCs) and neural progenitor cells(NPCs) have been derived from PSCs recently due to the advancements in understanding the developmental signaling pathways. Extracellular matrices(ECM) have been shown to play important roles in regulating the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of neural cells. To improve the function and maturation of the derived neural cells from PSCs, understanding the effects of ECM over the course of neural differentiation of PSCs is critical. During neural differentiation of PSCs, the cells are sensitive to the properties of natural or synthetic ECMs, including biochemical composition, biomechanical properties, and structural/topographical features. This review summarizes recent advances in neural differentiation of humanPSCs into OPCs and NPCs, focusing on the role of ECM in modulating the composition and function of the differentiated cells. Especially, the importance of using three-dimensional ECM scaffolds to simulate the in vivo microenvironment for neural differentiation of PSCs is highlighted. Future perspectives including the immediate applications of PSC-derived neural cells in drug screening and disease modeling are also discussed.

关 键 词：PLURIPOTENT stem cells Neural DIFFERENTIATION EXTRACELLULAR matrix Three-dimensional DRUG screening 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]