APOBEC deaminases-mutases with defensive roles for immunity  

作　　者：Courtney PROCHNOW Ronda BRANSTEITTER 

机构地区：[1]Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California,Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2009年第10期893-902,共10页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the National Institute of Health Grant (Grant No. R01GM087986)

摘　　要：In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in the elucidation of the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of the apolioprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family of enzymes. The APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases has important functional roles within the adaptive and innate immune system. Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) plays a central role in the biochemical steps of somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination during antibody maturation, and the APOBEC 3 enzymes are able to inhibit the mobility of retroelements and the replication of retroviruses and DNA viruses, such as the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and hepatitis B virus. Recent advances in structural and functional studies of the APOBEC enzymes provide new biochemical insights for how these enzymes carry out their biological roles. In this review, we provide an overview of these recent advances in the APOBEC field with a special emphasis on AID and APOBEC3G.In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in the elucidation of the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of the apolioprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family of enzymes. The APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases has important functional roles within the adaptive and innate immune system. Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) plays a central role in the biochemical steps of somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination during antibody maturation, and the APOBEC 3 enzymes are able to inhibit the mobility of retroelements and the replication of retroviruses and DNA viruses, such as the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and hepatitis B virus. Recent advances in structural and functional studies of the APOBEC enzymes provide new biochemical insights for how these enzymes carry out their biological roles. In this review, we provide an overview of these recent advances in the APOBEC field with a special emphasis on AID and APOBEC3G.

关 键 词：APOBEC CYTIDINE DEAMINASE activation induced CYTIDINE DEAMINATION somatic HYPERMUTATION class switch recombination HyperIgM 2 syndrome human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA DEAMINATION 

分 类 号：Q4[生物学—生理学]