基于机器视觉的农业车辆路径跟踪  

Path Tracking of Agricultural Vehicle Based on Machine Vision

作　　者：刘兆祥[1] 陈艳[1] 籍颖[1,2] 刘刚[1] 张漫[1] 周建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学现代精细农业系统集成研究教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]河北农业大学信息科学与技术学院,保定071000

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2009年第S1期18-22,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2006AA10A304)

摘　　要：简述了一种基于机器视觉的农业车辆自动导航系统。提出了直线检测算法,显著降低了内存需求和时间消耗;以横向偏差和航向偏差作为输入量,构建了二维模糊决策器,对期望前轮转角进行决策;构建了基于PID的转向控制器,实现前轮转向控制,并采用简化的两轮车运动学模型进行了仿真。仿真和实验结果表明,该导航系统可以有效地实现直线路径跟踪。当车速为0.3 m/s时,最大跟踪横向偏差不超过5 cm,平均偏差不超过2 cm;当车速为0.6 m/s时,最大跟踪横向偏差不超过8 cm,平均偏差不超过4 cm。An autonomous navigation system based on machine vision for agricultural vehicle was studied.A novel line detection algorithm was proposed for navigation directrix detection,which could decrease the cost of memory and time considerably.A 2-D fuzzy controller with the inputs of lateral error and heading error was built to determine the expected angle of turning wheel,and a turning controller based on PID was constructed to control the turning of front wheel.The simplified kinematics model of two-wheel vehicle was adopted for simulation.The results of simulation and experiments indicated that the navigation system could track the desired beeline path effectively.The maximum tracking lateral error was less than 5 cm and 8 cm at the speed of 0.3 m/s and 0.6 m/s respectively,and the average lateral error was less than 2 cm and 4 cm respectively.

关 键 词：机器视觉 自动导航 随机霍夫变换 模糊逻辑 PID控制 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]