形合与意合的哲学思维反思  

Parataxis versus Hypotaxis---a Reflection on the Relation between Language,Philosophy and Modes of Thinking

作　　者：张思洁[1] 张柏然[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北工学院外语系,030051 [2]南京大学外国语学院,210093

出　　处：《中国翻译》2001年第4期13-18,共6页Chinese Translators Journal

摘　　要：语言界和翻译界普遍认同形合与意合是英汉语言之间最重要的区别特征,而且,汉语以意驭形而英语则以形制意。语言的演化和发展与其对应的哲学传统、思维范式乃至美学观照具有文化通约性。利用这通约性,本文从中西哲学观念和思维范式的互异辨析中反观英汉语段结构特点,反省汉语以意驭形而英语形制意的可能内在成因。本文认为,中国传统哲学的整体观、汉民族的综合思维和模糊思维是汉语意合趋的能动的理性根源;形合特征则是西方民族依照原子观哲学观念和形式逻辑思维法则对其语言的发展走向出的自然选择。In thefieldof linguisticsandtranslationstudies,it is generallyagreedthatparataxis,as opposedto hy-potaxis,is thesinglemostimportantfeaturedistinguishingtheChineselanguagefromEnglish,withChineseshowing paratacticprominenceandEnglishhypotacticprominence.Theauthorbelievesthattheunderlyingcausesforthefor-mationof thesefeaturescanbe tracedto thefactthateachlanguageis culturallycommensurablewithitsown philo-sophicaltraditions,aestheticviews,andmodesof thinking.Usinga comparativeapproach,thepapermakesthepoint thatparataxis-thecharacteristicfeatureof theChineselanguage-canbe accountedfor by theconceptof viewing thingsin theirentirety,whichis thecornerstoneof Chineseclassicalphilosophy,andby thesyntheticmodeof think-ingandthefuzzylogicthatcharacterizethementalhabitof theChinese.By thesameargument,hypotaxis-thechar-acteristicfeatureof English-is thenaturaloutcomeof thephilosophicaltraditionsof Westernpeopleandthefor-mal-logicalpatternof theirmodeof thinking.

关 键 词：形合 意合 哲学观照 思维范式 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]