发展跳远爆发力的生理学基础及其训练方法  

The Power Development of Physiological Foundation for Long Jump and Its Training Methods

作　　者：陈火木[1] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学运动系,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《体育科学研究》2000年第4期22-27,共6页Sports Science Research

摘　　要：肌肉绝对力量、运动速度 ,运动中枢同步调节 ,Ⅱ型肌纤维发展 ,磷酸原系统供能能力是决定跳远运动员爆发力的生理基础。长期系统合理的训练 ,将在中枢神经系统和肌肉运动速度的协调中产生专门性适应变化 ,提高速度性力量。根据 17年来跳远教学与训练的实践体会 ,提出杠铃力量练习、跳跃练习 (速度跳跃练习和远度跳跃练习 ) ,跳深练习、踝关节力量练习、关键肌群力量练习等是发展跳远爆发力的有效训练方法。The absolute muscle force, movement speed, synchronistic regulation of motor nerve Center, the rate and area of Ⅱ type muscle fore, the supplying energy ability of phosphagen system are the physiological foundation of athletes' power in long jump. Systematic, rational training for long jump will produce changes of special adaptation in the harmony between central nervous system and muscle movement speed, so that it will improve speed force. Through 17 year experience of long jump teaching and training, the author raised the following training methods which are very effective in developing the power in long jump: barbell training, deep jumping training, jumping training, ankle joint strength training, main muscle group strength training. [WT5HZ]

关 键 词：爆发力 跳远 训练方法 力量练习 跳跃练习 专门性 磷酸原系统 中枢神经系统 性适应 踝关节 

分 类 号：G823.3[文化科学—体育训练] G804[文化科学—体育学]