差异模型及其在个体差异研究中的应用  

Differential Model and Its Application in Individual Differences Research

作　　者：宋尚桂[1] 孙金玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学心理学系,济南250002

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2005年第1期84-88,共5页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：20世纪90年代以来,McClearn借鉴统计遗传学的理论模型构建了用于描述个体差异形成过程中遗传与环境因素作用的“差异模型”,并应用这一模型对表现在一般认知能力、特殊认知能力、学业成就和个性等方面的个性差异进行了研究。差异模型为差异心理学研究提供了一种全新定量研究范式,进一步丰富了人们对遗传与环境因素在影响个体差异形成过程中作用机制的认识,这一理论模型已在教育、心理卫生等领域得到应用。Since 1990s, McClearn adopted the theory model of statistic genetics to construct the differential model that describes genetic and environmental effects in the forming process of individual differences. Many researchers, including McClearn, applied the differential model to study individual differences in terms of general cognitive abilities, special cognitive abilities,academic achievement, and personality. The differential model not only provides a new model of quantitative research for differential psychology, but also enriches people's knowledge of the mechanism in the process that genetics and environmental factors affect individual differences. This theory model has been applied to the field of education and mental health.

关 键 词：个体差异 认知能力 个性差异 学业成就 教育 构建 一般 形成过程中 心理卫生 环境因素 

分 类 号：G633[文化科学—教育学] R735.34[医药卫生—肿瘤]