茶多糖的组分及理化性质  

Composition and the Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Tea Polysaccharide

作　　者：汪东风[1] 谢晓凤[1] 王世林[1] 郑俊[1] 严俊[1] 严鸿德[1] 王泽农[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学茶业系,中国科学院昆明植物所

出　　处：《茶叶科学》1996年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：安徽省"八五"攻关项目

摘　　要：粗老茶中含有较高能治疗糖尿病的茶多糖成分。用紫外、红外和气相色谱等方法对茶多糖分析结果表明，它是由糖类、蛋白质、果胶和灰分等物质组成；其多糖部分为阿拉伯糖、木糖、岩藻糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖等，各单糖的组成比例为５．５２：２．２１：６．０８：４４．２０：４１．９９。多糖的分子量约１０７０００。茶多糖的热稳定性较差，高温或过酸和偏碱均会使其中的多糖部分降解。它在沸水中溶解性能较好，但不溶于高浓度的有机溶剂。文中还对粗老茶中的降血糖成分、茶多糖组分和分子量上的差异原因，以及茶多糖中灰分含量高的原因进行了讨论。Coarse tea contained high amount of crude tea polysaccharide(CTPS)which showed anti-diabetes activi-ty.Composition and the physical and chemical characteristics of the CTPS were investigated by methods of UV,IR,GC etc.The CTPS was composed of polysaccharide,protein,pectin,ash etc,and the polysaccharidewas composed of arabinose,xylose fructose,glucose and galactose with a proportion of 5.52:2.21:6.08:44.20:41.99.The molecule weight of the polysaccharide was about107000.The polysaccharide of the CTPS would degrade under the condition of high temperature,acidity(pH<5.0)and alkalinity(pH>7.0).The CTPS was soluble in hot water(about 76%)but insoluble in the high concentration sulutions of such or-ganic solvents as alcohol,ether,acetone,acetic ether etc.Components with blood-glucose depressing activityin coarse tea,factors influencing the composition and the molecule weight of the CTPS and the cause of thehigh content of ash in the CTPS were discussed.

关 键 词：茶多糖 组分 理化性质 茶叶 

分 类 号：TS272.5[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] O629.12[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]