用磁流变液阻尼可调减振器改善车辆座椅特性的研究  

Research on the Improvement of Vehicle Seat Characteristics with Adjustable Magneto-rheological Fluid Damper

作　　者：潘公宇[1] 潘秋华[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院 [2]江苏科技大学数理系

出　　处：《工程机械》2007年第10期32-35,共4页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：磁流变液减振器作为一种阻尼力可调的减振器,具有反应迅速,能适用于振动系统的实时控制等特点。由于磁流变液不仅有牛顿流体的特征,而且有塑性流体的特征,使得磁流变液减振器的阻尼力呈非线性特点。应用迟滞黏性模型来表示磁流变液减振器阻尼力特性;在此基础上模拟计算了用于车辆座椅系统的磁流变液减振器在不同控制状态下的座椅特性,结果显示不加电压时的磁流变液减振器(soft)座椅在B、C级路面整个振动频率的加速度的RMS(均方根)值较小,而相对位移的RMS值较大。施加3V电压时的磁流变液减振器(hard)座椅表现出较大的等效黏性阻尼;此时B、C级路面整个振动频率的加速度的RMS值较大,而相对位移的RMS值较小。采用半主动减振器的磁流变液减振器(on-off)座椅表现出较优的减振特性;此时整个振动频率的加速度的RMS值较小,相对位移的RMS值也较小。As a damper with adjustable damping force, magneto-rheological damper features prompt response so it is much suitable to the real time control in vibration system. Because a magneto-rheological fluid presents the features of not only Newton fluids but also plastic fluids so that the damping force of a magneto-rheological fluid damper shows nonlinear characteristics. A hysteretic viscous model is used to show damping force characteristics of a magneto-rheological fluid damper; on the basis, seat characteristics of a vehicle seat system adopting a magneto-rheological fluid damper are simulated and calculated under different control conditions. The results show that the RMS acceleration of a magneto-rheological fluid damper seat with no voltage applied is smaller but the RMS of relative displacement is a little larger in complete vibration frequency range of B and C grade pavements. When 3V voltage is applied, a magneto-rheological fluid damper seat presents a higher equivalent viscous damping while the RMS acceleration is larger and relative displacement RMS is smaller on the whole vibration frequency range of B and C grade pavements. Seats with a magneto-rheological fluid damper adopting semi-active damper show excellent vibration damping characteristics and at this time the RMS acceleration is smaller and relative RMS displacement is also smaller on the whole vibration frequency range.

关 键 词：磁流变液 减振器 半主动控制 座椅减振性能 

分 类 号：U463.213[机械工程—车辆工程]