用虚拟样机方法分析悬架衬套弹性对整车转向特性的影响  

Analyzing effects of suspension bushing elasticity on vehicle yaw response character with virtual prototype method

作　　者：杨树凯[1] 宋传学[1] 安晓娟[1] 蔡章林[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车动态模拟国家重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2007年第5期994-999,共6页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20040332-2)

摘　　要：对汽车悬架衬套弹性变形影响整车转向特性的机理给出了直观的数学解释。为改善某轻型客车存在不足转向量过大的问题,采用虚拟样机方法并结合实车试验验证,实现了传统方法难以做到的衬套弹性影响悬架和整车多体动力学特性的模拟计算与分析。提出并分析了用调整前、后悬架不同处衬套刚度特性来改善原车的不同方案。结果表明,加大前悬架上、下A臂前侧橡胶衬套刚度对减小原车的不足转向量有利,但悬架刚度增大较多,影响平顺性;适度减小后悬架托臂衬套刚度,对悬架刚度影响不大,可不同程度地减小原车的不足转向量,改善其转向特性。A mathematical explanation to the mechanism of the effect of the suspension bushing elastic deformation on the vehicle steady-state yaw response behavior was offered. In order to improve the excessive understeering problem in a light-duty passenger vehicle, simulation analyses of the effects of the bushing electricity on the vehicle suspension and the whole vehicle dynamic behavior were realized by the method of virtual prototype combining with the real vehicle prototype testing. Measures to improve the vehicle performance, namely, the adjustments of the bushing elasticities in different locations of the front and rear suspensions, were proposed and their effectiveness were discussed. The results show that enhancing the stiffness of the front end bushing in the upper and lower A-arm of the front suspension is beneficial to the reduction of the target vehicle understeering, but it increases greatly the suspension stiffness, which is harmful to the vehicle riding comfort. Decreasing properly the bushing stiffness in the supporting arm of the rear suspension without much effect on the whole suspension stiffness can decrease the understeering of the target vehicle and improve its yaw behavior.

关 键 词：车辆工程 悬架 橡胶衬套 虚拟样机 操纵稳定性 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]