中国10省婴幼儿配方粉生产企业卫生现况调查  

Survey into Hygienic Situation of Production Enterprises of Infant Formula Powder in Ten Provinces of China

作　　者：李凌[1] 包大跃[2] 徐娇[2] 张立实[3] 史根生[2] 张凤[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100021 [2]卫生部卫生监督局,北京100044 [3]四川大学华西公共卫生学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2008年第3期228-231,共4页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的了解我国婴幼儿配方粉生产企业的卫生现况。方法在我国10个省选取62家企业作为调查对象,根据国家相关法规和标准,结合婴幼儿配方粉生产的特点编制调查表,对企业的卫生许可、工艺类型等基本情况以及设计设施、卫生管理等良好卫生规范(GHP)的内容进行调查。结果在被调查企业中,对现行卫生规范的符合率最高为100.0%,最低为50.5%,平均为86.5%。卫生管理部分符合率最高,洁净厂房与专间部分最低,分别为91.6%和66.3%。在100个调查项中,符合率在75.0%以下的调查项共21个。设计设施的平均符合率为83.3%。洁净厂房和专间部分的平均符合率最低,只有66.3%。不符合项主要集中在对供水站的卫生管理上。品质管理部分的平均符合率为90.8%,不符合项集中在成品的留样上,只有72.9%的企业按照卫生规范的要求建立和执行了留样制度。检验能力的平均符合率为81.1%。结论调查发现目前我国婴幼儿配方粉生产企业的卫生现状与国家相关法规的要求尚有差距,建议有关部门尽快制定专门针对婴幼儿食品的卫生规范,以保障婴幼儿配方粉生产的卫生质量和安全。Objective To understand present hygienic situation of production enterprises of infant formula powder in China. Method 62 enterprises from 10 provinces were selected as objects. According to national relative regulations and standards, the questionnaire was designed by the characteristics of production of infant formula powder, The questionnaire contents consisted of the general situations of the enterprises, such as hygienic licenses, technological types, etc., and good hygiene practice （GHP）, such as designs and facilities, hygienic administration, etc. Results Among the investigated enterprises, the highest coincidence rate of the current GHP was 100%, and the lowest was 50% , and the average was 86.5% . The analysis showed that hygienic administration was rated the best performance, while clean workshop rated the worst performance against the current GHP, with the rates of 91.6 % and 66.3 % , respectively. The average coincidence rate of designs and facilities was 83.3 %, and clean workshop was the lowest and came up to 86.5%. Among the 100 survey items, there were 21 items with the low coincidence rates and came down to 75.0% . The non-consistent items were mainly in hygienic administration of water supply station. The average coincidence rate of quality administration was 90.8%, and the non-consistent items were mainly in reserved-sample of product. Only 72.9% enterprises set and implemented the system of reserved-sample according to the demands of hygiene practicee. The average coincidence rate of testing capability was 81.1%. Conclusion The results showed that there was a gap between the present hygienic situation and demands of national regulations. It was suggested that hygienic practice of foods of infants and children should be made by relative departments as soon as possible in order to ensure the hygienic quality and safety of infant formula powder.

关 键 词：乳 婴儿配方 良好卫生规范 卫生 数据收集 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]