轨道结构参数对轮轨滚动接触应力影响  

Effect of Track Structure Parameters on Rolling Contact Stresses of Wheel-rail

作　　者：王文健[1] 郭俊[1] 刘启跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2009年第5期39-44,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2007CB714702);国家自然科学基金(50675183);四川省应用基础基金(2008JY0066);西南交通大学创新团队培育计划(2007IRT01)资助项目

摘　　要：利用三维弹性体非Hertz滚动接触理论及数值程序CONTACT,并借助于弹性力学中的Bossinesq-Cerruti力1位移公式和Gauss数值积分方法,分析JM3型踏面轮对沿曲线轨道滚动接触时轨底坡、轨距和曲线半径等轨道参数对轮轨滚动接触斑最大切应力、等效应力、正压力和磨耗数的影响。数值结果表明,当内外轨底坡为1/20时,轮轨接触斑的应力、磨耗数及正压力分布达到最小值,其中最大切应力与等效应力可分别降低40.15%、39.37%;现行使用1/40轨底坡情况下轮轨接触斑正压力较大,建议对磨耗型车轮踏面进行优化设计。适当增加轨距能达到降低轮轨最大切应力、等效应力和正压力的效果。曲线工况下接触斑正压力值显著增加,曲线半径能改变轮轨接触斑粘滑区的分布且减小曲线半径值会增加接触斑的总滑动量,从而导致轮轨磨耗数的显著增加。The effects of rail base slope, rail gauge and curve radius on the rolling contact stresses and wear index of JM3 wheelset and track in static rolling contact are analyzed by using the rolling contact theory of three-dimensional elastic bodies with non-Hertz form, numerical program of CONTACT and Bossinesq-Cerruti force/displacement formula and the Gaussian numerical integration. The numerical results indicate that the stresses, wear index and normal pressure will achieve the minimal value when the rail base slope is 1/20. The maximal shear stress and equivalent stress can decrease by 40.15% and 39.37% respectively when the rail base slope changes from 1/40 to 1/20. It is suggested that the profile of worn tread is optimized due to bigger contact stresses when the rail base slope is 1/40. The appropriate augment of rail gauge can decrease the maximal shear stress, equivalent stress and normal pressure on the contact patch of wheel-rail. The maximal stress of contact patch under the curve track condition will increase evidently comparing to the tangent track. Moreover, the curve radius will change the distributing of stick-slip area and decreasing curve radius will increase total slip of the contact patch and wear index of wheel-rail.

关 键 词：轮轨 轨道结构参数 轨底坡 接触应力 磨耗数 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]