成都市城乡居民总膳食中化学污染物污染状况的研究  

A STUDY ON CHEMICAL POLLUTANT IN CHENGDU INHABITANT'S TOTAL DIET

作　　者：候为道 李建华[1] 杨元[1] 龚怀宇[1] 李晓辉[1] 彭喜雨[1] 杨雪峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都市卫生防疫站,成都610021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》1999年第2期183-185,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：成都市科委和市卫生局共同资助

摘　　要：为了解成都地区城乡居民膳食中化学污染物污染状况，应用总膳食研究方法，对城乡居民膳食中有害重金属元素、有机氯和有机磷农药、天然放射性核素、黄曲霉素B1及亚硝酸盐等18种化学污染物含量进行了测定。结果表明，城乡居民摄人的铅、砷、镉、汞均低于相应的ADI值，但城市居民摄入的蛋及蛋制品、乳及乳制品铅分别为允许限量的244．50％和193．60％，农村居民摄入的薯及薯制品汞含量也超过食品卫生允许限量标准。测定的谷类、蔬菜、水果等5类食物样品中6种有机磷农药残留量均低于检出限。4种放射性核素的比活度大小依次为40K＞226Ra＞238U＞232Th。贡献率城乡均以40K最大。所致的全身剂量当量城乡分别为117．2μSv／年和173．2μSv／年．属于天然辐射水平。黄曲霉毒素B1、亚硝酸盐城乡摄入量均在国家标准之内。由此可以认为我市代表性膳食是比较安全的，但也存在着某些食品中铅、汞含量和六六六有机氯农药残留超过国家允许限量标准的潜在危险。In order to know clearly states of chemical pollutant in Chengdu inhabitant's diet,the content of 18 chemical pollutants, which include harmful heavy metal, pesticides of organic chlorine and organic phosphorus, natural radionuclide, aflatoxinB1 (AFB1) and nitrite, were determined by means of total diet study in urban and rural inhabitant diet of Chengdu. The resultsshowed that the inhabitant intakes of Pb. As. Cd and Hg were lower than ADI standard value. The content level for Ph in eggand milk in urban was respectively 244. 4% and 193.6% of tolerance limit. The content level for Hg in potato in rural more thanthe tolerance limit, too. The residues of organic phosphorus in cereals. beaus. potatoes. vegetables. fruits. were all lower thanthe content of detected limits. Specific activity of natural radionuclide were 40k>226Ra>238U>232Th in turn. Accumulated doseequivalent in urban and rural was respectively 117.2μSv/a and 173. 2μSv/a. The value was in the background for natural radionuclies level. The inhabitants intakes for AFB1 and nitrite in urban and rural were all lower than the national standard values.Chengdu inhabitant's diet is comparatrively safety, but the potential hazald, of which the content of Pb. Hg and HCH residensin some foods would be higher than the national tolerance limit. has still existed.

关 键 词：总膳食 化学污染物 膳食摄入量 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]