酸枣粉中挥发性香气成分的提取与分析  

Extraction and Analysis of Volatile Aroma Components in the Power of Ziziphus Jujuba Mill

作　　者：苗志伟[1] 刘玉平[1] 李建华[1] 陈海涛[1] 孙宝国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学化学与环境工程学院食品添加剂与配料北京高校工程研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《精细化工》2010年第11期1086-1093,共8页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(KM200910011003)~~

摘　　要：采用同时蒸馏萃取法,对酸枣粉分别进行3、69、h的萃取,然后用气质联用仪对其挥发性成分进行分离鉴定,共鉴定出165种化合物,其中酸类33种、酯类24种、醛类20种、酮类19种、醇类22种、杂环类16种、烃类29种、酚类2种.含量较高(峰面积比大于1%)的化合物有月桂酸、棕榈酸、十四酸、正癸酸、顺式-11-十六烯酸、肉豆蔻油酸、辛酸、2-辛烯酸、壬酸、庚酸、乙酸、正己酸、糠醛、植酮、顺式-11-十四烯-1-醇等.通过考察和对比这些成分的香气特征,其中对酸枣粉香气起到关键作用的有酸类(乙酸、己酸、庚酸、辛酸、壬酸等)、酮类(1-辛烯-3-酮、1-羟基-2-丁酮、大马士酮等)、酯类(丁酸丁酯和己酸己酯)、醛类(己醛、壬醛、反-2-辛烯醛等)、酚类(丁香酚和4-乙烯基愈创木酚)、醇类(正己醇、苄醇、α-松油醇等)及杂环化合物(糠醛、5-甲基糠醛、2-乙酰基呋喃等).The method of simultaneous distillation-extraction（SDE） was used to extract the volatile aroma components in the power of Ziziphus jujuba mill.The chosen extracting time was separately 3,6 and 9 h.One hundred and sixty-nine volatile flavor constituents which included 33 carboxylic acids,24 esters,20 aldehydes,19 ketones,22 alcohols,16 heterocyclics,29 hydrocarbons and 2 phenols were identified from the extractions by GC-MS.The main volatile aroma components identified in the relatively higher peak area percentage（1%） were dodecanoic acid,n-hexadecanoic acid,tetradecanoic acid,decanoic acid,（Z）-11-hexadecenoic acid,myristoleic acid,octanoic acid,2-octenoic acid,nonanoic acid,heptanoic acid,acetic acid,hexanoic acid,furfural,phytone,cis-11-tetradecen-1-ol.By comparing and evaluating the odor characteristic of the identified compounds,the key odor constituents to the aroma of the power of Ziziphus jujuba mill were organic acid（acetic acid,hexanoic acid,heptanoic acid,octanoic acid,nonanoic acid）,ketone（1-octen-3-one,1-hydroxy-2-butanone,β-damascenone）,ester（butyl butyrate and hexyl hexanoate）,aldehyde（hexanal,nonanal,（E）-2-octenal）,phenol（eugenol and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol）,alcohol（hexanol,benzyl alcohol,α-terpineol） and heterocyclic compounds（furfural,5-methylfurfural,2-acetyl furan）.

关 键 词：酸枣粉 同时蒸馏萃取 气质联用 挥发性香气成分 香料与香精 

分 类 号：TQ651.2[化学工程—精细化工] TQ657.1