不同品种松花粉中营养素和非营养素的比较研究  

Study on content of fundamental components and secondary metabolites in different kinds of pine pollen

作　　者：吴晓琴[1] 刘杰尔 金成[1] 王文锋[1] 石丽花 王桐 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程和食品科学学院,浙江杭州310029 [2]浙江省医药保健品进出口有限责任公司,浙江杭州310003 [3]烟台新时代健康产业有限公司,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2011年第1期273-276,共4页Science and Technology of Food Industry

摘　　要：选用我国资源量大、最具开发利用价值的三个主要的松花粉品种(马尾松、油松和云南松),测其破壁试样中蛋白质、游离脂肪、可溶性糖、膳食纤维的含量;同时,用70%乙醇溶液分别对不同品种的破壁和不破壁松花粉试样进行提取,分析比较醇提物中黄酮、酚酸和甾醇等次生代谢产物的含量。结果表明,油松花粉的蛋白质和游离脂肪含量都明显高于马尾松和云南松,而可溶性糖和膳食纤维的含量则是云南松明显高于另两者。次生代谢产物以黄酮为主,不同品种间总黄酮含量的差异也较为显著,以马尾松为高(破壁与不破壁花粉的醇提物中分别达到17.38mg/g和23.74mg/g),油松为低(12.23mg/g和15.15mg/g),三者的酚酸和甾醇含量差异不明显;未经破壁的原花粉的各项指标均高于对应的破壁试样,尤以马尾松总黄酮、马尾松酚酸和油松酚酸的差异最为显著,表明松花粉在破壁处理的同时损失了一部分次生代谢产物。Pollens of Pinus massoniana, Pinus tabulaeformis Carr, Pinus yunnanensis Franch were chosen as experimental samples due to their abundant resourses and high economic value.Their fundamental components of protein,fat, soluble sugar and dietary fiber were inspected. The contents of 3 main secondary metabolites （flavonoid, phenolic acid and sterol）in their 70% ethanol extracts were also investigated and compared.The results showed that the pollen of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr had the highest protein and fat contents, while Pinus yunnanensis Franch was higher in total soluble sugar and dietary fiber.The secondary metabolites were mainly composed of flavonoids and there was a significant difference in the contents.The extract of Pinus massoniana had the highest value（ 17.38mg/g in wall-broken sample and 23.74mg/g in original sample）while the extract of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr had the lowest（ 12.23mg/g in wall-broken sample and 15.15mg/g in original sample）.The contents of phenolic acids and sterols were similar in all 6 samples.Generally, whole pollen extracts were of higher level than wall-broken counterparts in all 3 tested indexes,especially the content gap of total flavonoids in Pinus massoniana, phenolic acids in Pinus rnassoniana and phenolic acids in Pinus tabulaeformis Cart, which showed the lost of secondary metabolites when the pine pollen became wall-broken.

关 键 词：松花粉 品种差异 营养素 次生代谢产物 分析比较 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]