苦瓜皂苷和多糖的连续提取工艺及其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用  

Continuous Extraction of Saponin and Polysaccharide from Momordica charantia L. and Their Inhibitory Effect on α-glucosidase

作　　者：王琪[1] 邓媛元[1] 张名位[1] 张瑞芬[1] 张雁[1] 唐小俊[1] 魏振承[1] 池建伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业生物技术研究所/农业部功能食品重点开放实验室,广州510610

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2011年第19期4058-4065,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金团队项目(06200586);广东省农业攻关项目(2008B021100008)

摘　　要：【目的】建立超声-微波法连续提取苦瓜皂苷和多糖的优化工艺,并评价其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。【方法】采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计优化超声-微波法连续提取苦瓜中皂苷和多糖的工艺条件,采用4-硝基酚-2-D吡喃葡萄糖苷(PNPG)法测定皂苷和多糖提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率。【结果】以含水质量分数13%的苦瓜干为原料,先提取皂苷后提取多糖的条件为,将其粉碎至200目后,以体积分数75%乙醇为溶剂,料液比1﹕18,超声-微波协同萃取(50 W,20 kHz)16 min,在该条件下,皂苷提取率达2.51%。提取皂苷后的残渣,继续以水为溶剂,料液比1﹕14,pH 8.0,时间23 min,温度84℃,超声-微波协同萃取(50 W,20 kHz)20 min,多糖提取率达12.86%。苦瓜皂苷和多糖提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶均有不同程度的抑制作用,其IC50分别为1.03mg.mL-1和10.73 mg.mL-1,苦瓜皂苷的抑制效果显著强于多糖的(P<0.05)。【结论】采用超声-微波协同作用连续提取苦瓜皂苷和多糖工艺,可有效利用原料、提高产出和效率,所得苦瓜皂苷和多糖提取物对α-糖苷酶均表现抑制作用,显示一定的降糖潜力。【Objective】 The technical process and suitable conditions for continuous extraction of saponin and polysaccharide from Momordica charantia L.by ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction were established and to evaluate their inhibition effects on α-glucosidase 【Method】 Quadratic Regression Rotational Combinational Design was applied to optimize the extraction process of saponin and polysaccharide from Momordica charantia L.using continuous ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction method.The method with substrate 4-nitrophenol-2-？-D-glucopyranoside（PNPG） was used to measure the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of saponin and polysaccharide extract.【Result】 The optimum conditions for saponin and polysaccharide extraction form Momordica charantia L.were as follows： the dried Momordica charantia L.with 13% of water content was grinded to pass a 200 μm sieve;the solvent was 75% enthanol and the ratio of material to solvent was 1：18;ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction for 16 min（the power of microwave was 50 W and the ultrasonic frequency was 20 kHz）.Under this condition the extraction yield of saponin from Momordica charantia L.was 2.51%.The residue was further dissolved in water of pH 8.0 for extraction of polysaccharide,the ratio of material to solvent was 1：14;the ultrasonic-microwave synergetic extraction time was 23 min（the power of microwave was 50 W and the ultrasonic frequency was 20 kHz） at a temperature of 84℃.Under these conditions,the extraction yield of polysaccharide from Momordica charantia L.was 12.86%.Both of the extracts of saponin and polysaccharide from Momordica charantia L.showed an obvious inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with values of 1.03 and 10.73 mg？mL-1,respectively.【Conclusion】 The raw materials were utilized effectively and the extraction yield and efficiency were increased using a method of ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction.The extracted saponin and polysacchride from Momordica charantia L.showed an obvious inhib

关 键 词：苦瓜 皂苷 多糖 连续提取 Α-葡萄糖苷酶 

分 类 号：S642.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]