多民族大学生的民族认同、文化适应与心理健康的关系  

On the Relationship between the Ethnic Identity, Acculturation and the Psychological Well-being of the Multi-ethnic University Students

作　　者：高承海[1,2] 安洁[2] 万明钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]陇南师范高等专科学校教育系,甘肃成县742500 [2]西北师范大学西北少数民族教育发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《当代教育与文化》2011年第5期106-113,共8页Contemporary Education and Culture

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"基督教信仰在西北农村青少年中传播状况研究"(2009JJD880013)研究成果

摘　　要：选取768名不同民族的大学生,采用问卷法,分析了大学生民族认同和文化适应的特点,以自尊和幸福感为心理健康的两个指标,探讨了大学生的民族认同、文化适应与心理健康的关系,结果表明:(1)民族认同能正向预测大学生的自尊水平,民族认同以自尊为中介变量,对抑郁幸福感产生影响。(2)民族认同和中华民族认同呈正相关,少数民族大学生的民族认同显著高于汉族大学生;(3)少数民族大学生的民族认同与对主流群体态度呈负相关;(4)民族认同具有情景性,随着不同民族成员之间的接触和交流,民族认同逐渐减弱;(5)民族认同影响着少数民族大学生在主流文化社会中采取的文化适应策略,采取不同文化适应策略的少数民族大学生的自尊和幸福感存在显著差异。768 college students from five ethnic groups were selected as the participants of the present study,and questionnaires were used to explore the relationship between the ethnic identity,acculturation,and psychological well-being of the participants.The results yield that（1）ethnic identity was a predictor of self-esteem,and also influenced the depression-happiness via self-esteem which played a mediator role;（2）there was significant correlation between ethnic identity and Chinese ethnic identity.Minority ethnic students scored higher in ethnic identity than major ethnic students;（3）there was negative correlation between ethnic identity and the attitude to major ethnic group among minority students;（4）ethnic identity was contextual,as the contact and communicate with different ethnic members,it showed a decrease trend;（5）ethnic identity has a significant influence on the strategies of acculturation for minority students when they were in mainstream culture society,and there was significant difference in self-esteem and depression-happiness in those who adopted different strategies of acculturation.

关 键 词：大学生 民族认同 文化适应 自尊 幸福感 

分 类 号：G40-055[文化科学—教育学原理] G75[文化科学—教育学]