月球精确软着陆最优标称轨迹在轨制导方法  

On-board Optimal Nominal Trajectory Guidance Method for Lunar Pinpoint Soft Landing

作　　者：梁栋[1,2] 刘良栋[1] 何英姿[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190 [2]空间智能控制技术国家级重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《中国空间科学技术》2011年第6期27-35,共9页Chinese Space Science and Technology

摘　　要：为实现在月球表面期望的着陆点进行精确软着陆(PPL),且满足燃耗最优性要求,基于提出的LIDAR目标点在轨自主选定的月球精确软着陆方案,对月球PPL最优标称轨迹在轨快速规划制导方法进行研究。首先针对月球PPL三维球体非线性轨道动力学模型,采用Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto伪光谱方法将轨迹优化的最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题(NLP),再利用SQP优化算法求解月球PPL最优标称轨迹,最后通过遗传算法对优化结果进行验证,并提出应用遗传算法提供SQP在轨规划初值数据库的方案。仿真结果表明了最优标称轨迹在轨规划方法的快速性和有效性。To achieve the pinpoint soft landing （PPL） on a target landing site of lunar surface and minimize the fuel consumption, an optimal nominal trajectory on-board rapid programming guidance method for lunar PPL was studied, based on the proposed guidance strategy with on-board autonomous landing site selection by LIDAR. Firstly, according to the 3-D spherical nonlinear orbit dynamics model, the optimal control problem of trajectory optimization was transformed into a nonlinear program problem （NLP） by using Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto pseudospectral method. Secondly, sequential quadratic programming （SQP） method was used to solve the transformed problem. Finally, the optimal trajectory was verified by using genetic algorithm. And a method of providing initial-value database for SQP on-board trajectory programming by using genetic algorithm was proposed. The numerical simulation results show this methodology and strategy for optimal nominal trajectory on-board rapid programming can meet the need of lunar PPL real-time guidance.

关 键 词：制导 精确软着陆 最优轨迹 伪谱法 序列二次规划 遗传算法 月球探测 

分 类 号：O221.2[理学—运筹学与控制论]