我国南方成人能量代谢试验膳食制备及分析  

Preparation and Analysis of the Energy Metabolic Experiment Diet of Southern Chinese Adult

作　　者：龚偲[1] 杨小姣[1] 卓勤[2] 李鸣[1] 柳园[3] 景小凡[1] 黄承钰[1] 胡雯[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室,四川成都610041 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所 [3]四川大学华西医院临床营养科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2012年第6期1361-1364,1367,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金："11.5"国家科技支撑计划(2008BAI58B01)项目资助

摘　　要：目的探讨成人能量代谢试验中"代表性膳食"的制备方法,为研究成人每日能量摄入量提供可靠的技术手段和方法。方法采取连续7d24h膳食登记法进行膳食问卷调查,获得重现率较高的代表性食物作为食谱中食物选择的重要依据。按照能量代谢试验中膳食制备的原则及要求为34名对象设计并制备三日循环膳食,经过预试对食谱进行调整并将制作过程规范化。根据每位对象的体重采取男性40kcal/kg·d和女性35kcal/kg·d确定能量及每种食物熟重的供给量。用称重法准确获得对象膳食的实际摄入量,并采用双份饭法进行留样,最后用化学分析法测得所有食物中各营养素及能量的含量,利用能量折合系数计算得到对象的膳食能量平均摄入量。结果根据膳食问卷调查的结果选出48种食用频率≥5次/周的食物作为参考,设计出符合能量代谢试验各项原则和要求的三日循环食谱。整个试验期间总体对象体重变化较稳定,整体可视作处于能量平衡状态。化学分析法测得总体对象的膳食能量平均摄入量为(8424±1616)kJ/d(2013±386kcal/d),其中男性平均为(9990±798)kJ/d(2388±191kcal/d),女性平均为(7032±384)kJ/d(1681±92kcal/d)。结论本研究试验膳食制备的方法具有可操作性,能够满足能量代谢试验的要求,保证试验结果的准确性。OBJECTIVE To study the preparation of the ＇typical diet＇ in the energy metabolic experiment, and supply the re- liable technical means for the study of energy intake. METHODS Recording foods 24/7 was used for investigation to get the typical foods reappearing frequently, which were the important basis of choosing food. According to the principles and require- ments of the diet in energy metabolic experiment, we designed and prepared recycled 3-day diets for 34 subjects. Several pretests were carried out, and the operations were standardized. On the grounds of weight, we determined the energy and quan- tity of cooked food in 40keaL/kg·d and 35kcal/kg·d, corresponding to male and female. Then we weighted the actual intake of everyman＇s diet, and reservd samples in duplicate portion study. At last, the nutrients and energy in food and the average en- ergy intake were measured after chemical analysis. RESULTS On the basis of investigation, 48 foods more than 5 intakes per week were ehoosed. The recycled 3-day diets satisfied the principles and requirements and could ensure enough energy for ＇all subjects. During the experiment, their weights were relatively stable, so we could see the entity in energy balance. The average energy intake of all subjects were 8424＋_1616kJ/d （2013_＋386keal/d）, the men were 9990±798kJ/d （2388±191keal/d）, and tile women were 7032±384kJ/d （1681 ±92kcal/d）. CONCLUSION The method of our diet preparations was practicality. It could satisfy the requirements of energy metabolic experiments, and ensure the accuracy of the results.

关 键 词：代表性膳食 称重法 化学分析法 能量摄入量 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]