情绪智力理论的整合:挑战、依据和方法  

A Preliminary Exploration to Integrate the Theories of Emotional Intelligence

作　　者：陈猛[1,2] 车宏生[1] 王丽娜[1] 卞冉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [2]四川师范大学教育科学学院,成都610101

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第3期14-22,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：情绪智力研究领域存在着以能力模型、混合模型、胜任特征模型和特质模型为代表的诸多理论模型。不同理论模型在情绪智力的"定义"和"内容"两个根本问题上存在着很大的分歧甚至对立。这种现象导致了学界对情绪智力概念的怀疑与批评,认为它所涵盖的内容缺乏清晰的界限,可能并不是一个具备合法性与科学性的真实概念。为了推动情绪智力理论与实证研究的进一步发展,需要对情绪智力理论进行整合。从理论和方法学上看,整合情绪智力理论也存在三方面的依据:(1)情绪智力已被证实是与其他智力概念和大五人格不同的独立概念;(2)不同情绪智力理论模型皆包含着"对情绪的感知、理解和运用"这一共同要素;(3)表现测验和自陈测验两种不同测量方法是导致能力模型与特质模型相关较低的主要原因。推动情绪智力理论的整合则可以分为三个步骤:(1)通过内容分析方法和从效标出发的策略确定情绪智力的内容或成分;(2)将情绪智力的内容或成分构建为一个"基本情绪能力-情绪与社会胜任特征连续体";(3)采用验证性因素分析方法,对情绪智力理论模型进行检验、修改与完善。There are many theoretical models in the area of emotional intelligence, such as ability model, mixed model, competence model, and trait model. About the definition and content of emotional intelligence, there are divarications and oppositions out of these models. These phenomena have evoked much intensive criticism and doubt to emotional intelligence. According to some researchers, there is no clear boundary for the content of emotional intelligence, so it might not be a real concept with legality and scientificity. It is very necessary to integrate these different theoretical models for the development of further theoretical and empirical researches. The present theoretical and methodological foundation to integrate the theories per se is as follows. First, many studies have confirmed that emotional intelligence is a different concept independent from the other concepts of intelligence and personality. Second, there are some common elements among these models, such as perceiving, understanding, and employing emotion. Third, the relative low correlation between ability and trait models might be caused by different measurement methods named performance test and self-reported test. Then, the way to integrate the theories can be divided into three steps. First, researchers should determine the content or elements of emotional intelligence through content analysis and ＂starting with the criterion＂. Second, researchers should use the content or elements of emotional intelligence to compose a ＂basic emotional abilities-emotional and social competences＂ continuum. Third, researchers should test, modify, and improve the new theoretical model by confirmatory factor analysis （CFA）.

关 键 词：情绪智力 能力模型 混合模型 胜任特征模型 特质模型 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]