SPME-GC-MS对菜籽毛油和精炼菜籽油挥发性风味成分的分析  

Analysis of volatile flavour compounds in crude rapeseed oil and refined rapeseed oil by SPME-GC-MS

作　　者：谢婧[1] 徐俐[1] 吴浪[1] 夏晓峰 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州金扬油脂有限公司,贵阳550014

出　　处：《中国油脂》2012年第8期84-87,共4页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：贵阳市重大专项(2010筑科农合同字第8-1号)

摘　　要：以菜籽毛油和精炼菜籽油为原料,采用固相微萃取(SPME)装置顶空取样,用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对挥发性风味成分进行鉴定。结果表明:菜籽毛油的主要挥发性风味成分为硫甙降解产物、氧化挥发物(醛、醇、酮等)及杂环类物质,其中硫甙降解产物以2-甲代-1-丙烯基-氰、4-甲硫基-丁腈3、-苯基丙腈及4-异硫氰基-1-丁烯为主,氧化挥发物以1,5-己二烯-3-醇和反-2-反-4-癸二烯醛为主要成分,杂环类物质则以吡嗪类化合物为主;精炼菜籽油的挥发性风味成分主要为氧化挥发物,以反-2-反-4-庚二烯醛、反-2-反-4-癸二烯醛、反-2-癸烯醛为主,其菜籽油特征性风味不足,主要源于精炼过程中硫甙降解产物及杂环类芳香物质的减少。The volatile flavour compounds in crude rapeseed oil and refined rapeseed oil were analyzed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry（ GC - MS）. The oil samples were extracted by solid - phase mi- croextraction（SPME） method. The results showed that main volatile flavour compounds in crude rapeseed oil were degraded glucosinolate products, oxidation volatile compounds and heterocyclic compounds. The main degraded glucosinolate products involved methallyl cyanide, 4 - （methylthio） -butanenitrile, 3 - phenyl propionitrile and 4 - isothiocyanato - 1 - butene. The main oxidation volatile compounds involved 1,5 - hexadien - 3 - ol and （ E, E） - 2,4 - decadienal. Pyrazine compounds were the main heterocyclic compounds. As well as the main volatile flavour compounds in refined rapeseed oil were oxidation vola- tiles （ （ E, E） - 2,4 - heptadienal, （ E, E） - 2,4 - decadienal and （E） - 2 - decenal）. Refined rapeseed oil was lack of typical volatile flavour compounds because of the decrease of degraded glucosinolate prod- ucts and heteroeyclic compounds.

关 键 词：菜籽毛油 精炼菜籽油 挥发性风味成分 SPME—GC—MS 

分 类 号：TS227[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]