哲人、洞穴与“灵魂立法”——柏拉图“洞穴比喻”的临界启示  

Philosopher,Cave and "Legislation for the Soul":The Critical Implications from Plato's "Allegory of the Cave"

作　　者：贾冬阳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系,广东广州510275 [2]海南大学社会科学研究中心,海南海口570228

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第1期4-13,共10页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

基　　金：海南大学青年基金项目"古希腊柏拉图哲学研究"(qnjj1050)

摘　　要：《理想国》的读者多将目光盯在苏格拉底谈论"政制"的部分,却忘记苏格拉底一开始就提醒人们,谈论城邦政制不是《理想国》的根本目的,考察城邦归根结底是为了考察"个人灵魂中的正义",即究竟该如何生活。论题以"洞穴比喻"为切入点,通过分析哲人与"洞穴"的关系,区分了两种哲人与两种哲学生活,进而表明哲人苏格拉底如何"为灵魂立法"。While focusing on the point of ＂polity＂ that Socrates talks about, the readers of Republic often ignore what Socrates reminds at the very beginning. The discussion about the polity of polis is not the final goal of Re- public while the observation of polis ultimately aims to know ＂justice in the soul＂, namely what life should be. With ＂Allegory of the Cave＂ as the starting point, this paper analyzes the relationship between the philosopher and ＂cave＂ and distinguishes two kinds of philosopher and philosophical life, which further expounds how Socrates ＂legislates for the soul＂.

关 键 词：苏格拉底 柏拉图 洞穴比喻 辩证法 《理想国》 

分 类 号：B502.232[哲学宗教—外国哲学]