中国四城市中小学生日均饮水次数与饮水量的关系  

The relationship between within-day drinking occasion and intake amount of water of primary and middle school students in four cities of China

作　　者：王晓君[1,2] 胡小琪[1] 杜松明[1] 潘慧[1] 张倩[1] 闫乐[2] 汪正园[3] 聂少萍[4] 杨剑波[5] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [2]北京市怀柔区疾病预防控制中心 [3]上海市疾病预防控制中心营养卫生科 [4]广东省疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生所 [5]成都市浦江县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2013年第3期206-209,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查中国4个城市中小学生日均饮水次数及每次饮水量，并分析饮水次数与每次饮水量与饮水总量的关系。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法，于2011年9-10月在北京、上海、广州、成都共抽取了5914名中小学生，其中5868名完成调查。采用连续7d24h饮水记录法，详细记录每天每次饮水的种类及量，分析饮水次数、每次饮水量与饮水量的关系。结果中国4个城市中小学生每天的饮水量为（1089±540）ml。每人每天饮水次数为（4．7±1．8）次，饮水次数≤6次的占79．1％（4639／5868）。每次饮水量为（239±96）ml，其中白水饮用量为（231±112）ml，饮料饮用量为（237±112）ml。饮水次数与饮水量呈正相关（r=0．614，P〈0．05），与每次饮水量呈负相关（r=-0．211，P〈0．05）；饮水量与每次饮水量呈正相关（r=0．598，P〈0．05）。结论中国4个城市中小学平均每天饮水次数〉6次的人较少，每次饮用饮料的量相对较多；随着饮水次数的增加，每次饮水量减少，但是饮水总量增加。Objective To investigate the number of drinking occasions per day and average amount consumed per drinking occasion of primary and middle school students in four cities of China, and understand the relationship among drinking occasion, average amount consumed per drinking occasion and total drinking water. Methods A total of 5914 primary and middle school students from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chengdu were selected using multiple-stage random sampling method, and 5868 students completed the study from September to October in 2011. The detailed information of amounts and types of daily drinking water was recorded by subjects using a 24 hours measurement for seven consecutive days. Analysis of the relationship among drinking occasion, average amount consumed per drinking occasion and total drinking water was carried out. Results The daily total drinking water of subjects was （ 1089 ± 540） ml ; the daily number of drinking occasions was （4. 7 ± 1.8 ） times, with 79. 1% （ 4639/5868 ） of subjects reporting 6 or less drinking occasions. The amount consumed per drinking occasion was （239 ±96）ml, plain water （231 ±112） ml, and beverages （237 ± 112）ml. The number of drinking occasions of subjects was positively correlated with total drinking water（ r = 0. 614 ,P 〈 0. 05 ）, and negatively correlated with the average amount consumed per drinking occasion （ r = - 0. 211, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Total drinking water and the average amount consumed per drinking occasion was positively correlated （ r = 0. 598,P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The number of drinking occasion of primary and middle school students more than 6 times was fewer in four cities of China, but the average amount of beverages consumed per drinking occasion was relatively more. With the increasing of drinking occasion, the average amount consumed per drinking occasion decreased, but total drinking water increased.

关 键 词：饮水 饮料 水 数据说明 统计 

分 类 号：G637[文化科学—教育学] R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]