不同愈伤时间对低温贮藏期间马铃薯块茎采后病害及品质的影响  

Effect of curing duration on incidence and quality of potato tuber during storage at low temperature

作　　者：包改红[1] 毕阳[1] 李永才[1,2] 吴觉天[1] 寇宗红[1] 葛永红[1] 王毅[1] 王蒂[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2013年第11期330-334,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：科技支甘项目(1011JKCA179);科技部支撑计划(2012BAD06B03)

摘　　要：以损伤和无伤马铃薯块茎为试材,研究了不同愈伤时间对低温贮藏期间块茎采后病害和品质的影响。结果表明,愈伤处理可明显减轻损伤和无伤接种马铃薯块茎贮藏期间的采后病害,愈伤时间越长,采后病害的发病率越低,愈伤14d后损伤和无伤接种马铃薯块茎干腐病发病率与不愈伤对照相比分别下降46.2%和55.0%,干腐病病情指数下降49.5%和42.9%,其它病害发病率下降80%和72%。愈伤处理明显降低了损伤接种块茎贮藏期间的失重率、绿化率、发芽率及芽长,愈伤14d后分别比不愈伤对照降低15.2%、48.3%、18.0%和46.2%。但对无伤接种块茎的品质影响不大。损伤块茎干腐病的发病率和病情指数以及其它病害的发病率、失重率均显著高于同期处理的无伤块茎,但绿化率、发芽率和芽长与无伤块茎相比无明显差异。由此表明,愈伤处理可明显减轻马铃薯块茎贮藏期间的采后病害并维持块茎品质。Effect of curing duration on incidence and quality of no-wounded and wounded potato tubers were investigated.The results showed that curing treatment significantly decreased postharvest disease of no-wounded and wounded inoculated potato tubers during storage at low temperature.With the extension of curing time, the incidence of postharvest disease was declined.After 14d of curing,the incidence of dry rot,severity of dry rot and incidence of other diseases of no-wounded and wounded potato tuber were 46.2% and 55.0% ,49.5% and 42.9%, 80% and 72% lower than that of control respectively. Curing treatment also significantly decreased weight loss, greening rate, germination rate and germinal length of wounded potato tuber during storage, and the results indicated that the above four indexes were lower 15.2% ,48.3% ,18.0% and 46.2% than that of control respectively, but had no obvious effect on the quality of no-wounded potato tuber.The incidence and severity of dry rot, incidence of other disease,weight loss of wounded potato were significantly higher than those of same treatment no-wounded potato. However, no apparent difference was detached on germination rate, germinal length and greening rate. These findings suggested that curing treatment could inhibit postharvest disease and maintain quality of potato tuber during storage.

关 键 词：马铃薯 愈伤 采后病害 品质 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]