基于航空噪声指标的高速列车观光区噪声评价  

Noise Evaluation in the Tourist Cabin of High-speed Train by Using Aircraft Noise Criterion

作　　者：张捷[1] 肖新标[1] 张玉梅[1] 王瑞乾[1] 王谛[1] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2013年第16期33-38,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAG12A01-B06);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2011AA11A103-2-2);教育部创新团队(IRT1178;SWJTU12ZT01);四川省科技支撑计划(2010GZ0226)资助项目

摘　　要：基于现场测试结果,对300～400 km/h速度下高速列车观光区噪声进行分析,明确车内噪声动态特性。由于国内外还没有统一的高速列车车内噪声评价标准,传统的A计权声压级又在噪声评价中存在不足之处。为研究A计权声压级是否适合高速列车车内噪声评价,通过白噪声对比、分频段声压级比例增加等方法,讨论使用A计权声压级评价车内噪声时的不足之处。运用航空噪声评价指标对高速列车车内噪声进行评价研究。研究结果表明,300 km/h以上高速列车车内噪声具有显著的中低频特性,使用A计权声压级评价会低估车内噪声水平。高速列车观光区噪声频谱特性和飞机舱内噪声频谱特性具有很高的相似性,选择航空噪声指标较为适合高速列车车内噪声评价。相关研究结果可为高速列车车内噪声评价标准的制定提供依据。Based on field measurements,the noise characteristics in the tourist cabin of a high-speed train are analyzed at a high running speed between 300 to 400 km/h.So far,there is still no a unified criterion in the world to evaluate the noise level in the carriage of high-speed train reasonably,while A-weighted sound level has a shortcoming in the noise evaluation.In order to further clear the shortcoming,A-weighted sound level is discussed through the detailed contrast to white noise combined with increasing sound level in different frequency bands.An aircraft noise evaluation index is used to evaluate the interior noise of the high-speed train.The obtained results indicate that： the noise in the tourist cabin of the high-speed train is dominated by the components of low and middle frequencies.Such a noise would be underestimated when A-weighted sound level is used.There is high similarity of frequency characteristics between interior noise of high-speed train and it of aircraft.The aircraft noise evaluation index is more suitable for the characteristic evaluation of interior noise of high-speed train.This paper could provide evidence for framing new proper noise evaluation criterion for high-speed train.

关 键 词：高速列车 车内噪声 评价指标 A计权声压级 航空噪声 观光区 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]