不同清洗剂对叶类蔬菜五种残留农药的洗涤效果研究  

Research of washing effect of five pesticide residues in vegetables by different detergents

作　　者：张亚琼[1] 罗金凤[1] 王磊[2] 丁晓雯[1] 邓新平[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学食品科学学院,重庆市农产品加工重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]西南大学植物保护学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2013年第17期110-114,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

摘　　要：探讨不同清洗剂对叶类蔬菜在模拟体系中污染的5种农药残留的洗脱效果及对蔬菜中维生素C的破坏,旨在获得可以在日常生活中简便使用的洗涤叶类蔬菜的方法。利用高效液相色谱法、气相色谱法测定农药含量,利用紫外分光光度法测定维生素C含量。结果显示,清水、2%食盐水和2%NaHCO3水溶液对叶类蔬菜中阿维菌素的平均洗脱率分别为26%、51%和42%;对百菌清的平均洗脱率分别为54%、68%和64%;对敌百虫的平均洗脱率分别为13%、23%和25%;对毒死蜱的平均洗脱率分别为26%、35%和43%;对高效氯氰菊酯的平均洗脱率分别为15%、24%和29%。清水、2%食盐水和2%NaHCO3水溶液对叶类蔬菜中维生素C的平均破坏率分别为15%、19%和20%。实验结果表明,2%食盐水和2%NaHCO3水溶液对农药残留的洗脱效果优于清水,且对蔬菜中维生素C的破坏率小,可作为日常洗涤叶类蔬菜的有效方法。In order to make out a simple and feasible way to remove residual pesticide in vegetable,the effects of different washing detergents on levels of five pesticide residues and vitamin C damage rate in vegetables were studied in the simulation system.By washing five kinds of pesticides in romaine lettuce and spinach with tap water, 2% salt water and 2% NaHCO3 aqueous solution respectively,the pesticide residues content in vegetables was measured by gas chromatography and the vitamin C content was measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The results showed that the average elution rates of avermectin by tap water,2% salt water and 2% NaHC^3 aqueous solution were 26%,51% and 42% respectively.The average elution rates of chlorothalonil by tap water,2% salt water and 2% NaHCO3 aqueous solution were 54%,68% and 64% respectively.The average removal rates of trichlorfon were ]3% ,23% and 25% respectively.The average elution rates of chlorpyrifos were 26% ,35% and 43% respectively.The average elution rates of beta-cypemethrin were 1.5%,24% and 29% respectively.The average damage rate of vitamin C were 15%, 19% and 20% respectively.The effects of salt water and NaHCQ3 aqueous solution were better than tap water alone and the damage rate of vitamin C were low.So salt and NaHCO3 these two detergents could be used as effective methods to remove the pesticide residues in leafy vegetables in daily life.

关 键 词：农药残留 清洗剂 蔬菜 洗脱率 

分 类 号：TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]