针形名优绿茶固形机的研制与固形工艺优化  

Development of shape-fixing machine and optimization for shape fixation of needle-shaped famous green tea

作　　者：赵瑶[1,2] 封雯 贺勇 余志[1] 陈玉琼[1] 倪德江[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院/园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]湖北三峡职业技术学院生物化工学院,宜昌443000 [3]浙江绿峰机械有限公司,衢州324000 [4]湖北省红安县林业局,红安438400

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2014年第2期116-122,共7页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD01B03-1);科技部成果转化资金项目(2009GB23600524);湖北省基金重点项目(2009CDA112)

摘　　要：以6CZG-60型针形名茶固形机为试验对象，在单因素试验的基础上，对固形叶含水量（20%、25%、30%）、固形叶温（40、50、60℃）、固形投叶量（1、1.5、2 kg）三因素进行正交试验。单因素试验结果表明：固形叶含水量、固形叶温对茶多酚和叶绿素含量有显著影响；固形投叶量对茶多酚、氨基酸、可溶性糖、叶绿素含量均有显著影响；固形时间则对茶多酚和可溶性糖含量有显著影响。感官分析结果表明：随固形叶含水量的降低，茶条紧直度提高，香气品质提高，但外形色泽绿色度下降；随着固形温度的升高，茶条的直度、平伏度和绿色度下降，尤其是当固形叶温超过70℃以后，色泽明显变暗；随着固形叶量的增加，绿色度、香气和滋味品质下降；随着固形时间的延长，茶条圆直度和平伏度更好。正交试验结果表明，6CZG-60型针形名茶固形机最佳工艺参数为：固形叶含水量约20%，固形叶温50℃左右，固形投叶量1.5 kg左右，时间为15~20 min。Shape-fixing machine was designed according to the theory of shape-fixing. Taking the 6CZG-60 shape-fixing machine as the experimental subject, orthogonal design experiment was conducted on three factors such as the water content （20%, 25%, 30%）, temperature （40,50,60℃） and quantity （1.0,1.5,2.0 kg） of shape-fixing leaf. The results of single factor experiments showed that the water content and temperature of leaf had significant effect on the polyphenol and chlorophyll of tea. The leaf quantity had significant effect on the polyphenol, chlorophyll, amino acid and soluble sugar of tea. The time of shape-fixing significantly affects the polyphenol and soluble sugar of tea. Organoleptic analysis showed that the shape of tea was more tight and straight and the aroma was better,but the green degree of tea decreased with the decrease of water content of shape-fixing leaf. The procumbent and green de- gree of tea decreased with the increase of temperature. The color became darker especially when the tem- perature was more than 70℃. The result also revealed that the green degree,aroma and taste of tea de- creased with the increase of leaf quantity. The straight and procumbent degree was better with the in- crease of time of shape-fixing. The orthogonal test showed that the best technology process parameters of 6CZG-60 shape-fixing machine were as follows： the water content of leaf is 20 %, the quantity of leaf is 1.5 kg or so,the temperature of leaf is about 50 ℃ and the time is 15-20 minutes.

关 键 词：针形名优绿茶 固形机 同形工艺 品质 理化成分 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]