字、词的识别加工在中文阅读眼动控制中的作用:来自消失文本方面的证据  

The Role of character and/or Word Recognition in the Eye Movement Control for Chinese reading:Evidences from Disappearing Text

作　　者：刘志方[1] 刘妮娜[2] 仝文[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学心理系暨研究所,宁波315211 [2]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2014年第2期182-187,共6页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：宁波大学人文社会科学培育项目研究成果

摘　　要：实验采用消失文本范式,操纵注视点上字、词消失单元和呈现时间,探讨字词视觉呈现、字词识别加工对中文阅读眼动过程的影响。结果发现:(1)0 ms延迟时间的消失文本均严重影响总阅读时间,其中单字消失、单词消失与双字消失对阅读效率的影响没有差别;各消失条件都导致较多回视次数;相对于其他消失条件,单字消失和双字消失导致较多的再注视词数。(2)120 ms延迟时间的消失文本均不影响总阅读时间,但会通过取消部分眼跳的方式导致注视持续时间的增加,字消失单元(单字消失和双字消失)迫使读者取消部分词内再注视眼跳。综合两种延迟时间下各消失文本的数据可见,字识别和词汇识别相互影响,词在中文阅读的词内再注视眼跳选择目标环节起到重要作用。In present study, the disappearing text paradigm was used to examine how the recognition of characters/words affects the eye movement in Chinese text reading. Specifically, we manipulate the disappearing unit, there were four disappearing conditions： fixated character disappearing, fixated word disappearing, two characters disappea- ring, and two word disappearing conditions. The results showed that： 1 ） when the delay time was set to 0 ms in disappearing conditions, there was a cost on total reading time for all disappearing unit conditions, but the disrup- tions among fixated character disappearing, fixated word disappearing as well as the two characters disappearing conditions are not significantly different, 2） although there was no disruptive influence by four disappearing condi- tions on total reading time when the delay time was set to 120 ms in disappearing conditions, readers cancel part of saccade to increase the fixation duration for all disappearing unit conditions and also do fewer refixations on charac- ter disappearing conditions （fixated character disappearing and two characters disappearing conditions）, which shown that the principal unit of saccade target selection in Chinese reading is word. In summary, the results from the present experiment indicate that the recognition of character and the recognition of word interact each other and that word plays an important role in the eye movement control for Chinese reading.

关 键 词：中文阅读 消失文本 眼动 字词识别 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]