烹饪方式与时间对虾皮亚硝酸盐含量的影响  

The effect of different cuisine ways and time on the nitrite content in dried small shrimps

作　　者：吕鸿鑫[1] 蔡奋[2] 邹立芬[1] 彭锦强[1] 万成松[1] 郑莉[1] 卢晓翠[3] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院,广东广州510515 [2]汕头大学医学院附属肿瘤医院预防感染科,广东汕头515031 [3]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院实验中心,广东广州510515

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第9期1576-1578,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划2008年度教育部重点课题分题(DIA080104-8);南方医科大学课外科研课题(2009kw057)

摘　　要：目的探讨加热方式与加热时间对虾皮亚硝酸盐含量影响规律,为减少亚硝酸盐危害提供依据,并提出科学食用虾皮建议。方法本实验采用了微波炉(烘烤和水煮)及电磁炉水煮两方式对虾皮进行烹饪,烘烤选取了100%火力30 s、60 s、90 s三个时间点,加水烹饪设置了7 min、17 min、27 min、37 min四个时间点。结果微波炉烘烤90 s后,虾皮亚硝酸盐含量由本底值2.30 mg/kg逐渐下降到0.92 mg/kg,清除率达到59.83%;微波水煮虾皮则使其亚硝酸盐含量从1.91 mg/kg逐渐下降到0.99 mg/kg,煮沸30 min后亚硝酸盐的清除率达到48.33%;而电磁炉水煮虾皮其亚硝酸盐含量则先升至2.0 mg/kg,再降至1.55 mg/kg。结论微波对虾皮中的亚硝酸盐有明确的清除作用,建议烹饪虾皮时尽量用微波炉以减少危害,如果用电磁炉水煮则需要延长烹饪时间。Objective In order to find out the influence of different heating methods and heating time on the content of nitrites in the dried small shrimps as well as provide a suggestion about how can reduce the nitrites content with a scientific dietary method of eat- ing. Methods The research used microwave oven （baking and boiling） and induction cooker to cook the dried small shrimps. When baking, chose three timings including 30s, 60s and 90s, and had 100% firepower to roast. On the other hand, boiled the dried small shrimps in the water with five timings included 7min, 17min, 27min and 37min. Results The content of nitrites in the samples de- creased from 2.30 mg/kg to 0.92 mg/kg after 90s roast with the clearance rate reached 59.83%. In addition, boiling dried small shrimps in microwave showed a decline of the content from 1.91 mg/kg to 0.99 mg/kg, and the clearance rate reached 48.33%. In the mean time, the content in induction cooker way had a rising trend （to 2.0mg/kg） before the decline （to 1.55mg/kg）. Conclusion The microwave oven has a specific effect on reducing the nitrites content of dried small shrimps. It suggests use microwave oven to re- duce the harm from nitrites when cooking dried small shrimps, it cost more time when using induction cooker.

关 键 词：亚硝酸盐 虾皮 烹饪方式 清除 

分 类 号：R154[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]