不同油液流动类型的抗蛇行减振器特性对比研究  

Research of a Comparison of Property Between Yaw Dampers with Oil Different Orientation Flowing

作　　者：张海[1,2] 王成国[1] 刘金朝[3] 成棣[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [2]华东交通大学机电工程学院,江西南昌330013 [3]中国铁道科学研究院基础设施检测研究所,北京100081 [4]中国铁道科学研究院高速轮轨关系实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2014年第2期10-15,共6页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51005075);江西省自然科学基金项目(20132BAB216026);华东交通大学校基金项目(10JD01)

摘　　要：为了保证铁道车辆能安全、稳定的运行,在车辆转向架上加装柔性的阻尼装置是通常的做法。在车辆的悬挂系统中,抗蛇行减振器对于车辆的稳定性起到了关键的作用。抗蛇行减振器就其结构而言有3种不同的形式:油液单向流动式、油液双向流动式和电磁阀控制式。通过对不同油液流动类型的抗蛇行减振器结构和工作原理的分析,建立它们的液压数值模型以及与车辆模型结合的联合仿真模型,通过仿真讨论抗蛇行减振器动态特性的区别以及对车辆稳定性的影响。结果表明油液单向流动式减振器拉伸、压缩特性大致相同,而油液双向流动式抗蛇行减振器拉伸、压缩特性对称率相对较低,同时随着相对位移速度的提高,这种不对称的情况愈加严重;在车辆动力学仿真结果中前者的联合仿真模型相对后者也表现出较小的波动,因此在使用油液双向流动式抗蛇行减振器的时候,应该尽量提高拉伸、压缩特性的对称率;同时选择合适的结构参数能有效改善车辆的动力学性能。In order to make the railway vehicle run safely and stably on the road line, there must be some flexibility damping devices with the good performances equipped in the bogies. As one of the most important elastic damping devices in vehicle suspension system, the performances of yaw damper play a pivotal role in the lateral non-linear stability of the vehicle. In this paper, we analyze the work- ing principle of the yaw damper with different hydraulic flowing mode between vehicle body and bogie which is used as the research ob- ject, and construct the mathematic models of them by analyzing its internal hydraulic system in Msc. easy5, and then the co-simulation including damper model built in MSC. Easy5 and vehicle model built in MSC. Adams was constructed to research the impact caused by the yaw damper in MSC. Adams / Rail. The results show compression and rebound characteristics of yaw damper with oil single orien- tation flowing are the same, but characteristics of yaw damper with oil double orientation flowing are different, and co-simulation model including yaw damper with oil single orientation flowing show more litter fluctuation than co-simulation model including yaw damper with oil double orientation flowing. So it is important to improve symmetry rate of compression and rebound characteristics. At the same time it is important to select appropriate structure parameters for improving damper properties.

关 键 词：抗蛇行减振器 高速铁道车辆 油液流动类型 动态特性 

分 类 号：U260.331.5[机械工程—车辆工程]