聋人与听力正常人短时记忆比较研究  

Comparative Study on Short-term Memory between Deaf and Normal Children

作　　者：袁文纲[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教科院,710062

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2000年第1期27-30,共4页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：全国教育科学"九五"规划国家教委重点课题的研究成果

摘　　要：本实验以视觉系列呈现方式 ,在形近、音近、义近三种干扰下以再认方法比较了听力正常人与聋人对字频与笔画二种不同水平汉字材料的短时记忆容量及编码方式 ,研究结果表明 :( 1 )聋人与听力正常人短时记忆容量差别有限 ,只存在于低频复杂汉字组中。 ( 2 )高频字中 ,聋人短时记忆编码以形码为主 ,义码次之 ,音码最弱 ;听力正常人则以音码为主 ,义码次之 ,形码作用最弱。 ( 3 )低频字中 ,低频简单组中表现出与高频字相同的编码方式 ,低频复杂组中聋人与听力正常人均表现形码、义码为主 。Adopting visual presenting,the author compared the deaf's short-term memory compacity and coding of frequency and strokes of chinese character with their hearing-peers' under three interference of look-like,sound-like and semantic-like.What the results show are in the following:(1)The compacity of short-term memory showed nonsignificant differences except low frequency chinese characters.(2)In the coding of high frequency Chinese characters,the deaf showed that the effects of formal and semantic code were most intense and the efects of phonetic code was relatively weaker,otherwise,the hearing-peesr showed that the effects of phonetic code and semantic code were most intense and the effects of code was relatively weaker.(3)In low frequency Chinese characters,the simple group had the similar coding progress with high frequency Chinese characters,but in the complicated group,both the deaf and their hearing-peers showed that the effects of formal and semantic coding were most intense and the effects of phonetic coding was relatively weaker.

关 键 词：短时记忆 形码 音码 义码 聋人 听力正常人 比较研究 容量差别 短时记忆编码 

分 类 号：G762[文化科学—特殊教育学] R338.64[文化科学—教育学]