菲律宾蛤仔全脏器的营养成分分析与评价  

Analysis and evaluation on nutrients in whole viscera of Ruditapes philippinarum

作　　者：杨金兰[1] 李刘冬[1] 黄珂[1] 黎智广[1] 王强[1] 王旭峰[1] 杨宏亮[1] 陈培基[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部水产品加工重点实验室,农业部水产品贮藏保鲜质量安全风险评估实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2014年第2期26-31,共6页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：农业公益性行业科研专项(nyhyzx07-047)

摘　　要：为充分开发利用菲律宾蛤仔,提高菲律宾蛤仔的附加值,本研究采用化学法和仪器分析法对菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)全脏器的一般营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成和矿物质进行了分析,运用氨基酸计分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)对其进行营养学评价。结果表明,菲律宾蛤仔全脏器(湿基)中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分的质量分数分别为77.21%、16.40%、1.46%和3.01%。菲律宾蛤仔共检出18种氨基酸,必需氨基酸种类齐全,构成比例符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)的标准,其中谷氨酸(Glu)、天冬氨酸(Asp)和甘氨酸(Gly)等呈味氨基酸含量高。以氨基酸计分(AAS)评价,其第一限制氨基酸是酪氨酸(Tyr)和苯丙氨酸(Phe)。以化学评分(CS)评价,其第一限制氨基酸是蛋氨酸(Met)和胱氨酸(Cys)。菲律宾蛤仔脂肪含量低,但富含不饱和脂肪酸,其中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)两者含量达30.4%,矿物元素比例合理,微量元素中Se含量较丰富。研究表明菲律宾蛤仔全脏器是一种高蛋白、低脂肪,营养价值丰富,保健效果好的海产品。In order to make full development and utilization of Ruditapes Philippinarum, and improve its added value, the general nutrients, amino acid compositions, fatty acid compositions and mineral contents were analyzed with the chemical method and instrument analysis method. Meanwhile, amino acids score （AAS） and chemical score （CS） were used to judge the nutrition of R. Philippinarum. The results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash in fresh whole viscera of R. Philippinarum were 77.21% , 16.40% , 1.46% and 3.01% , respectively, 18 amino acids were detected in the whole viscera of R. Philippinarum, all kinds of essential amino acids were found, and the composition ratio followed the standard issued by FAO/WHO. In addition, the whole vis- cera of R. Philippinarum were very rich in tasty amino acids such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid and glycine acid. According to nutrition evaluation in amino acids score （ AAS）, the first limiting amino acids was Trp and Phe, but the first limiting amino acid was Met ＋ Cys in chemical score （CS）. It was mostly made up of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in which, the contents of EPA and DHA was 30.4% totally. The composition of mineral elements of the whole viscera in R. philippinarum was reasonable. The trace elements such as Se were rich. In conclusion, this investigation indica- ted that R. philippinarum is a high nutritive and delicious shellfish, and it could be a potential aquaculture species.

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 全脏器 营养成分 营养评价 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]