分解玉米赤霉烯酮菌株的分离、鉴定及其产酶特征  

Isolation, identification of a zearalenone degradated strain and the properties of its producing enzymes

作　　者：孙志轩[1] 冼钰茵[2] 孙纬华 梁钟[2] 邵伟琪[2] 周妮[1] 尹晓菲[2] 杨舜莲[2] 梁郁强[1,3] 姚冬生[1] 刘大岭[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学微生物技术研究所,广东广州510632 [2]暨南大学理工学院食品工程系,广东广州510632 [3]暨南大学生物工程系,广东广州510632

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2014年第5期909-915,共7页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家863计划项目(No.2013AA102801);广东省科技攻关计划项目(No.2012B020305002);暨南大学"国家大学生创新性试验计划"项目(No.101055926)

摘　　要：【目的】从发酵食品材料中筛选出对玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)有分解作用的微生物,研究其分解效率及产酶特征并进行菌种鉴定。【方法】利用添加ZEN毒素类似物(PL)的固体培养基对25种发酵食品材料进行初筛,获得毒素类似物耐受菌株,经过用ZEN复筛,得到高效分解ZEN的细菌。用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析培养物残留ZEN,评价菌株对ZEN的分解效率。初步分析该菌株产纤维素酶、木聚糖酶及β-葡萄糖苷酶的特性。通过微生物形态学、分子生物学方法进行菌种鉴定,确定该菌的系统分类学地位。【结果】从发酵食品材料中筛选出一株分解ZEN的菌株BF-B-3,经初步鉴定该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。其ZEN分解率达62.48%,测定该菌产纤维素酶、木聚糖酶及β-葡萄糖苷酶活力分别为160.38、84.51和4.14 U/mL。【结论】枯草芽孢杆菌属于饲用微生物,生物安全性高,所分离到的枯草芽孢杆菌疑似株(Bacillus subtilis)BF-B-3菌株,可作为具有分解ZEN功能的益生菌使用,具有较好的应用前景。[Objeetive] To screen and identify a microorganism with zearalenone （ZEN） detoxifica-tion ability from fermented foods, and determine its decomposing efficiency and the properties of producing enzymes. [Methods] Solid media with toxin analogue （PL） were used to obtain toxin ana- logue resistant strains from 25 materials of fermented foods. Through the second screening of ZEN as the selective stress, a ZEN detoxified microorganism with high decomposition efficiency was con- firmed. Its degradation efficiency was further evaluated in analysis of ZEN residue of bacteria sus- pension using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Then we analysed the properties of producing cellulase, xylanase and β-glucosidase separately. The strain was identified for the taxo- nomical position using morphological observation and molecular identification. [Results] A ZEN detoxified strain BF-B-3 was screened and identified as Bacillus subtilis. Its degradation rate reached 62.48%. The cellulase, xylanase and β-glucosidase activity of Bacillus subtilis BF-B-3 reached 160.38 U/mL, 84.51 U/mL and 4.14 U/mL separately. [Conclusion] Bacillus subtilis is a kind of feed microorganism. Bacillus subtilis BF-B-3 has favorable security for detoxifying ZEN, and could grow under different carbon sources. Bacillus subtilis BF-B-3 has potential values for preventing mould pollution of crops and feed.

关 键 词：玉米赤霉烯酮 生物降解 产酶特征 枯草芽孢杆菌 霉菌污染 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]