“后MOOC时代”终极回归开放在线教育——2008-2014年国际文献研究特点分析与趋势思考  

Post MOOC Should Eventually Be Positioned in the Systems of Open and Online Education——An Analysis of the Characteristics and Trends Reflected in the Studies on MOOCs between 2008-2014

作　　者：申灵灵[1] 韩锡斌[1] 程建钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学教育研究院教育技术研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2014年第3期17-26,共10页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：教育部-中国移动科研基金项目"教育信息化理论研究"(MCM20121011)资助;清华大学教育技术研究所"MOOCs与在线教育"研究团队系列研究成果之一

摘　　要：近年来,MOOCs成为国内外在线教育与高等教育改革的超级热点,各个学科背景的学者乃至社会工作者踊跃参与,良莠不齐的各类文献急剧增长。从MOOCs述评、课程教学和教育改革三个方面,针对2008-2014年649篇各类文献的梳理发现:MOOCs研究以述评为主,主题发散,深度不足;经历了从cMOOC到xMOOC的内涵变异、商业链的形成和调整,以及从狂热追逐和片面否定转向理性思考和实践的过程。MOOCs的最大价值体现在向全社会彰显了技术对教育具有巨大影响的潜能,但它不是解决高等教育问题的灵丹妙药,而是推动教育与技术深度融合的催化剂。MOOCs只是在线教育发展中的一个事件,不足以称之为"时代",而应从整体上认识和把握在线教育的发展规律,将MOOCs回归到网络课程与在线教育的系统中,关注其最新发展,开展有针对的研究,实现教学层面逐渐融入网络教学、办学和管理层面逐渐回归开放远程教育、教学改革层面重新关注混合教学、研究层面推进泛在式在线教育整个体系的创新。MOOCs have become the buzzword in the online education and higher education reform both at home and abroad in recent years, drawing the attention from scholars of both education and other sectors. This is followed by a proliferation of publications on this much debated new phenomenon. This research systematically reviews 649 articles on MOOCs that were published between January 2008 and April 2014. We approach the analysis of these publications from three perspectives： the introduction to and review on MOOCs, the online teaching and learning, and the education reform. As far as research on MOOCs is concerned, the majority of the publications come in the form of commentary, which covers a variety of themes but lack in-depth analysis. MOOCs have gone through the process of eMOOCs being replaced by xMOOCs, and the establishment and adjustment of the business model. This is also a process in which rational thinking and implementation of MOOCs overcome the initial frenzy or bias. While recognizing the great value of MOOCs in the promotion of the potential impact of technology on education, we should not regard MOOCs as a panacea for all problems in education. Instead, MOOCs should be viewed as a catalyst for further integration of technology with education. In terms of magnitude, MOOCs should only represent an event in online education, not an era. A deeper understanding of the nature and trajectory of online education leads us to the conclusion that MOOCs should be positioned in the systems of online courses and online education, and that we should closely follow its new development and engage in pertinent empirical studies. It is hoped that MOOCs will be gradually integrated into online education at the teaching and learning level, and he offered in an open and distance mode at the administration level. Educational reform should refocus on blended learning, and future research should promote the innovation of ubiquitous online education systems.

关 键 词：在线教育 MOOCs 研究现状 发展趋势 文献分析 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]