论《史记》的细节描写  

On the Detailed Description in Records of the Historian

作　　者：邹然[1] 宋初健[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学文学院,江西南昌330027

出　　处：《江西教育学院学报》2001年第2期8-11,,21,,共5页Journal of Jiangxi Institute of Education

摘　　要：细节描写是《史记》人物传记创作取得成功的重要 艺术手段之一，它的效用有三：以小见大，预示人物性格的发 展趋势；画龙点睛，突出人物性格的主要特征；对比烘托， 以乙衬甲，展现人物与众不同的独特个性。《史记》人物传记 撰写有史笔、文笔之别，史笔录实，文笔拟虚；细节描写性 质上属文笔范畴，是作者司马迁在积累史实资料、掌握传闻信 息基础上“遥体人情，悬想事势”的创作结晶，达到了艺术 真实与历史真实的有机统一。Detailed description is one of the important artistic means which SIMA Qian employs in his great writing Records of the Historian.Its function is shown chiefly in three ways.First,it shows the figure's major features through p ortraying his minor aspects and therefore predicts the developing tendency of hi s character.Secondly,it brings out the crucial point through adding a word or tw o and hence hightlight the figure's dominant character.Thirdly,it sets one off t hrough contrast between two figures and therefore presents his unique character. There are two different kinds of writing in Records of the Historian:historical writing and fictional writing.Detailed description,falling in the category of fi ctional writing,is the result that the author,on the basis of historical documen ts and of legends,makes a reasonable analysis and judgement of the figure's feel ing and of the state of affairs.It makes the text an organic whole by combining the artistic truth with historical truth. [

关 键 词：《史记》 细节描写 人物性格 史笔 文笔 人物传记 中国 司马迁 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]