人乳脂替代品的酶法合成及其评价的研究进展  

Research progress in enzymatic production and evaluation of human milk fat substitutes

作　　者：钟金锋[1] 覃小丽[1] 王永华[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学食品科学学院,重庆400715 [2]华南理工大学轻工与食品学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2014年第16期377-384,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2013M531927);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2013B034;SWU113036;XDJK2014B019);重庆市基础与前沿研究计划(cstc2013jcyjA80024)

摘　　要：由于经济、社会和个人因素方面,我国及其他一些发展中国家的婴儿纯母乳喂养率普遍偏低。与植物油和反刍动物乳脂相比,人乳脂中棕榈酸分布在甘油骨架的sn-2位更有利于婴儿对脂肪酸和钙的吸收,减少婴儿便秘、上火等。合成与人乳脂相似的人乳脂替代品,将其作为婴儿配方奶粉的脂肪来源具有着重要的市场潜力。酶法催化具有反应条件温和、高度位置专一性和脂肪酸专一性,因此,可以通过sn-1,3位专一性脂肪酶催化合成人乳脂替代品。本文介绍了人乳脂替代品的定义及发展,并就近年来的酶法合成人乳脂替代品的底物选择、脂肪酶筛选、合成方法与技术、检测分析方法、相似度评价以及氧化稳定性等方面的研究状况进行系统阐述,并对今后人乳脂替代品研究做了展望。The breastfeeding rate is generally low in China and some other developing countries due to economic, social and personal factors. Human milk fat has a high content of palmitic acid at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone compared with ruminant milk fat and common vegetable oils. Such a unique structure helps the simultaneous absorption of fatty acids in the gut lumen of the infant and the loss of calcium through the feces. As an important ingredient in infant formula, human milk fat substitutes with high similarity to human milk fat have great potential in industrial applications. Human milk fat substitutes can be synthesized using sn-1,3 specific lipases due to mild reaction conditions,high sn-1,3-regioselectivity and fatty acid specificity of these lipases. In this article,the definition and enzymatic synthesis of human milk fat substitutes were reviewed,and study on human milk fat substitutes in the future was pointed out. Particular attention was paid to choice of natural oils and acyl donors,lipase screening,synthesis methods and techniques,analytical procedures, similarity evaluation and oxidation stability.

关 键 词：人乳脂替代品 脂肪酶 相似度 酯交换 评价 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]