混合溶剂在大豆油浸出法中应用的研究  

Oil Extraction from Soybean by Isopropyl Alcohol and Cyclohexane Mixture

作　　者：宋鹏[1] 解桂东[1] 周爽[1] 张树林[1,2] 于殿宇[1] 程宝晶 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,哈尔滨150030 [2]九三集团哈尔滨惠康食品有限公司,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《食品工业》2014年第11期114-118,共5页The Food Industry

基　　金：2012年黑龙江省高校科技成果产业化前期研发培育项目;课题号:1252CGZH27

摘　　要：通过响应面优化法确定溶剂法提取大豆油的最佳条件为料液比为1:6(g/mL),异丙醇和环己烷的体积比为4:1,浸提时间为7h,提油率为98.34%。膨化大豆和粉碎大豆的含水量分别是8%和16%。样品中的含水量对提油率具有显著影响,通过回归分析,以优化在混合溶剂提油过程中,膨化大豆,粉碎大豆中的水分含量。发现膨化大豆和粉碎大豆的最适含水量分别为13.4%和12.6%。同时,对混合溶剂提取的毛油和豆粕质量进行测定,并与用正己烷提取的毛油和豆粕进行对比,发现用混合溶剂提取的毛油和饼粕色泽要深,游离脂肪酸含量低,但两种溶剂浸提后获得的粗蛋白含量相似。结果表明,混合溶剂法提取大豆油脂,是一种优良的浸出方法。Through response surface optimization method, optimum conditions for solvent extraction of soybean were determined as followings： oil to liquid ratio was 1：6（g/mL）, isopropanol and cyclohexane volume ratio was 4：1, extraction time was 7 h, the oil yield efficiency reached 98.34% under the optimum conditions. Extruded soybean and soybean crushing water content was 8% and 16%. The water content of the sample had a significant impact on the oil extraction rate by regression analysis. To optimize the mixing process of solvent extracting oil, soybeans were extruded and water in soybeans was grinded. It was found that the optimum moisture content of extruded soybean and soybean crushing was 13.4% and 12.6%. Meanwhile, measuring the mixed solvent extraction of crude oil and meal quality, comparing crude oil extracted with hexane and soybean meal, it was found that the color of crude oil extracted with mixed solvent and meal was deeper and free fatty acid content of which was lower. But the latter two solvent extraction of crude protein content obtained was similar. The results showed a mixed solvent extraction of soybean oil, which was an excellent method ofleaching.

关 键 词：混合溶剂 大豆油 异丙醇 环己烷 膨化大豆 粉碎大豆 

分 类 号：TS225.13[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]