小学生数学计算能力的调查研究——以心算、口算能力为例  

Investigation Report on the Students'Mathematical Calculating Ability in Primary School——Taking Mental and Oral Arithmetic as Examples

作　　者：陈丽霜[1] 赵继源[1] 魏思晴 

机构地区：[1]广西师范学院数学科学学院,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2015年第6期101-105,共5页Education and Teaching Research

摘　　要：研究选取普通小学二至五年级学生为被试,考察不同水平学生在心算和口算方面的能力表现。结果表明:小学生心算与口算能力总体上随年级呈上升趋势,且心算与口算能力成正比关系;同一年级不同水平学生的口算、心算能力差距较大;影响心算口算的可能因素有笔算、知识经验和工作记忆等;对于低年级学生而言,其影响因素还有表内乘法不熟悉以及对运算本质不理解等。This study selected the second to fifth grade primary school students as subjects and investigated their performances in mental and oral arithmetic. The results showed that primary students＇ abilities in mental and oral arithmetic develop along with the growth of their ag- es,and the two kinds of abilities represent a positive correlation;there is a big gap for different level students of the same grade in mental and oral calculating ability;the possible factors which affect the mental and oral arithmetic are written arithmetic, mathematical knowledge and experience, and working memory, etc. ;but for the low grade students, being unfamiliar with multiplication table and unacquainted with calculation essence also affect the result of mental and oral operation.

关 键 词：小学数学教学 小学生 计算能力 心算 口算 

分 类 号：G623.5[文化科学—教育学]