转向架构架工作模态及其对车下振动传递影响初探  

Operational Modal Analysis of Bogie Frame and Its Effect on Vibration Transfer of High-speed Train

作　　者：刘佳[1] 赵悦[1] 凌亮[1] 圣小珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2015年第3期19-23,共5页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51475390;U1434201);国家863计划(2011AA11A103-2-2)

摘　　要：为进一步了解运行过程中转向架构架的真实动态特性,对实际线路运行的某高速列车进行工作模态测试,获取构架响应点之间的互谱信号并进行模态参数识别。模态参数识别方法采用最小二乘复频域法。根据其识别结果,剔除由轴箱传至构架且引起构架显著峰值的虚假模态,获得构架真实工作模态参数。结合轴箱、车体外地板振动实测频谱,找到车体外地板显著振动频率来源,进而分析转向架工作模态对车体外地板振动显著峰值的影响。本文的相关实测结果为了解运行过程中转向架构架真实动力学行为、研究车体外地板振动显著频率的产生、传递机理提供依据;同时,测试及模态参数识别方法为车体运行部件工作模态试验提供参考。In order to learn the dynamic characteristics of the bogie frames of high-speed trains in traveling status, an operational modal test of the bogie was carried out. The cross spectra between the response points of the bogie frame were obtained and the modal parameters were identified by using the Least Square Complex-Frequency Method. According to the results of the identification, the pseudo modals corresponding to the obvious vibration peaks in the acceleration of the bogie induced by the excitation of the axle box were removed so that the true modal parameters were obtained. According to the measured frequency spectrum of the axle box and floor vibration, sources of the floor vibration peak frequencies were found,and the effect of the bogie frame＇s operational modes on the prominent peaks was analyzed. The measured data is very useful for understanding the dynamic characteristics of the train bogie frames in operation status and the mechanism of obvious peaks of the carriage＇s floor vibration. The methods of the test and modal parameter identification may provide a reference for part＇s operational modal test of high-speed trains.

关 键 词：振动与波 高速列车 转向架 工作模态 振动传递 共振频率 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程] V216.21[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]