基于纵向冲动的混编货物列车编组方案研究  

Marshalling Scheme of Mixed Formation Freight Train Based on Longitudinal Impulse

作　　者：杨亮亮[1] 罗世辉[1] 傅茂海[2] 曾文昌 周尚书 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [3]南车长江车辆有限公司,湖北武汉430212 [4]南车北京二七车辆有限公司,北京100072

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2015年第4期108-114,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51005190)

摘　　要：考虑缓冲器内部斜楔结构的动、静摩擦状态转换以及车体底架结构的缓冲效应,对货车用缓冲器阻抗特性的计算方法进行改进,并在此基础上利用MATLAB软件建立21,23和27t轴重混编货物列车的纵向动力学模型,计算和分析不同空车比例及位置、不同轴重及载重、不同车型的混编模式对列车各车辆间纵向冲动的影响;研究有利于减小列车纵向冲动、降低空车脱轨概率的混编列车编组方案。结果表明:在空、重车混编时,应控制编入空车的数量,且尽量将空车集中置于列车的尾部,且要避开全重列车最大压钩力附近的车位;在有不同轴重及载重的车辆混编时,应将较重的车辆置于列车前部,较轻的车辆置于列车后部,并尽可能地按车辆重量递减依次编入;在用不同车型的车辆混编时,应避免将车体刚度较小的平车和罐车置于列车中部。The calculation method for the resistance characteristics of freight car draft gear was improved by considering not only the state transition from dynamic friction to static friction of the wedge in draft gear but also the buffering effect of underffame structure. On this basis and with MATLAB software, the longitudinal dynamic models of the mixed formation freight trains with the axle loads of 21, 23 and 27 t were built. The influence of different proportion and position of empty cars, different axle load and load- ing capacity as well as the mixed formation modes of different vehicles on the longitudinal impact between vehicles was calculated and analyzed to find more reasonable marshaling schemes to decrease longitudinal impact and reduce the derailment probability of empty cars. The results show that, under the mixed for- mation of both the empty and loaded cars, the number of empty cars should be controlled and the empty cars should be placed at the rear end of the train as possible, and the position where the maximum com- pression coupler force occurs from loaded train should be avoided. Under the mixed formation of vehicles with different axle load and loading capacity, heavier vehicles should be placed at the front of the train while lighter vehicles should be placed at the rear, and all the vehicles should be marshaled in descending order by weight. Under the mixed formation of different vehicles, it should be avoided to place the flat cars or tank cars in the middle of the train.

关 键 词：混编列车 编组方案 纵向动力学 轴重 紧急制动 缓冲器 车体刚度 

分 类 号：U279.2[机械工程—车辆工程] U292.92[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]