2012～2014年广东省大米中铅镉的暴露风险评估  

Risk assessment on exposure of lead and cadmium of rice in Guangdong residents from 2012 to 2014

作　　者：蔡文华[1] 胡曙光[1] 许秀敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心国家食品安全风险监测重金属参比实验室,广东广州511430

出　　处：《食品与机械》2015年第4期47-50,共4页Food and Machinery

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金课题(编号:A2013068)

摘　　要：采用中国总膳食研究方法,运用2012-2014年广东省重金属污染监测工作所采集的大米中的铅、镉检测数据,评估广东省居民膳食中大米的铅、镉暴露情况。开展2012-2014年广东省食品安全风险监测工作,测定大米中的铅、镉含量,计算铅的暴露边界比、镉的每月摄入量,并以此作为评价标准。结果表明,广东省大米中铅、镉总体超标率分别为0.11%和6.22%,除了部分地区大米中镉超标率较高以外（达到16.2%-22.4%）,其余大部分地区大米中铅、镉含量均处于较低水平。广东省人群铅的暴露边界比为10.6-42.5;镉的每月摄入量为9.0-27.3μg/kg·BW,占镉暂定每月可耐受摄入量的36%-109%。广东省大米中铅、镉的含量及人群摄入总体处于安全水平。但部分地区的大米镉污染不容乐观且具有地域性差异,人群食用大米的镉暴露潜在一定的风险,尤以粤中北部地区为甚。According to monitoring data of rice of Guangdong from 2012 to 2014, assessment on exposure of lead, cadmium in Guang- dong residents was made by the method of China Total Diet Study. The contents of lead, cadmium in the rice of Guangdong were meas- ured through the food safety risk monitoring from 2012 to 2014. The margin of exposure （MOE） of lead, estimated monthly intake （EMI） of cadmium were worked out as evaluation criteria. The over limit rate of lead, cadmiumin in Guangdong Province rice were 0. 11%0, 6.22% respectively. In addition to parts of cadmium in rice exceed the standard rate is higher than （up to 16.2%-22.4%）, the major ity of the remaining area of lead, cadmium content in rice is in low level. The MOE of lead of Guangdong residents was estimated to he10. 6-42.5. The EMI of cadmium ranged from 9.0 to 27.3 μg/kg · BW, which were 36%- 109% of provisional tolerable monthly intake （PTMI）. The contents of lead, cadmium and the intake in the crowd of Guangdong Province rice intake in the overall are in the safety lev- el. But rice cadmium pollution in some parts of the area is not opti- mistic and has regional differences; Some potential risk population of edible rice cadmium exposure, especially in the area of northern Guangdong is very.

关 键 词：铅 镉 暴露评估 大米 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]