水稻秸秆和玉米芯栽培料对棕色蘑菇子实体营养成分的影响  

A Comparative Study of the Influence of Cultivation with Rice Straw and Corn Cob on Nutrients in Fruit Bodies of Agaricus brunnescens Peck

作　　者：梁晓丽[1,2] 臧玉茹 孙太萍 董倩倩[2] 秦文兰 王新风[2,3] 陈忠明[1] 纪丽莲[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]淮阴师范学院生命科学学院江苏省生物质能与酶技术重点实验室,江苏淮安223300 [3]淮阴师范学院江苏省高校区域现代农业与环境保护协同创新中心,江苏淮安223300 [4]淮阴师范学院生命科学学院江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室,江苏淮安223300

出　　处：《食品科学》2015年第16期180-185,共6页Food Science

基　　金：江苏省农业科技资助创新资金项目(CX(13)4002;CX(13)3026);江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划项目(201410323033Y);淮安市新农村发展研究院项目(2013HANF007)

摘　　要：测定水稻秸秆和玉米芯2种栽培料上生长的棕色蘑菇和双孢菇子实体中营养成分和氨基酸含量。采用蛋白营养评价方法,对2种蘑菇的营养价值进行全面评价。结果表明,水稻秸秆栽培料上生长的棕色蘑菇粗纤维和游离氨基酸含量较高,分别为12.46%和12.11%;玉米芯栽培料上生长的棕色蘑菇粗蛋白质含量高达45.03%;同种栽培料条件下棕色蘑菇粗蛋白质、灰分、粗纤维含量均高于双孢菇,但总糖、游离氨基酸及可溶性蛋白含量比双孢菇低。2种栽培料上生长的棕色蘑菇必需氨基酸种类齐全,玉米芯栽培料上生长的蘑菇氨基酸和必需氨基酸总量都高于水稻秸秆栽培料生长的蘑菇,其氨基酸含量比例都接近世界卫生组织/联合国粮食及农业组织推荐的理想模式,其第一限制氨基酸都为蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸,亮氨酸都为第二限制氨基酸;比较2种栽培料条件下的子实体蛋白质氨基酸评分、化学评分和营养指数,棕色蘑菇指标均比双孢菇高,且水稻秸秆为栽培料时,棕色蘑菇与双孢菇差异更显著。结果说明,玉米芯为栽培料上生长的棕色蘑菇营养价值优于水稻秸秆。The contents of nutrients and amino acids in the fruit bodies of Agaricus brunnescens Peck and Agaricus bisporus were measured.Further we evaluated the nutritional values of the two mushrooms based on nutritional evaluation of proteins.The results showed that Agaricus brunnescens Peck cultivated with rice straw contained high contents of crude fiber and free amino acids（12.46%and 12.11%,respectively）,and the crude protein content was as high as 45.03%when cultivated with corn cobs.Crude protein,ash and crude fiber contents of Agaricus brunnescens Peck were higher than those of Agaricus bisporus under the same cultivation condition,whereas total sugar,free amino acids and soluble proteins were less abundant in Agaricus brunnescens Peck than in Agaricus bisporus.Agaricus brunnescens Peck cultivated with either of the two materials contained a wide variety of amino acids with higher contents of total amino acids and essential amino acids obtained with corn cob cultivation.Moreover,the amino acid composition from com cob cultivation was close to the WHO/FAO recommended ideal pattern,with methionine and cystine being the first limiting amino acids and leucine being the second limiting amino acid.Using each cultivation material,Agaricus brunnescens Peck had higher amino acid score（AAS）,chemical score（CS） and nutritional index（NI） than Agaricus bisporus,and the differences were particularly significant by rice straw cultivation.These results suggest that the nutritional value of Agaricus brunnescens Peck growing on corn cob is superior to that on rice straw.

关 键 词：棕色蘑菇 水稻秸秆 玉米芯 营养成分 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]