100%低地板列车车内噪声传递特性分析  

Study on transfer path characteristic of interior noise of 100% low-floor railway train

作　　者：张捷[1] 肖新标[1] 张玉梅[1] 李志辉[1] 张春岩[2] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学力学与工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2015年第4期541-549,共9页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2011AA11A103-2-2);教育部创新团队资助项目(IRT1178);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(SWJTU12ZT01);牵引动力国家重点实验室自由探索自主研究课题(2011TPL_T05)

摘　　要：基于线路试验,测试分析了100%低地板列车车内噪声特性,研究了车内噪声源分布以及空气传声、结构传声路径对车内噪声的贡献。使用统计能量法建立了单节车车内噪声预测模型,并利用其获得了车内噪声的功率输入贡献率,在此基础上提出了车内减振降噪建议措施。试验和仿真结果表明,虽然低地板列车的转向架位于车厢中部,但是车内噪声仍然表现为两端大、中间小的趋势。车内噪声显著频段为中心频率250-2 000Hz的1/3倍频带,主要噪声源位于地板和风挡区域,主要是轮轨区域噪声。客室两端噪声主要经由车下地板和风挡结构传递至车内,客室中部噪声主要经由车下地板结构传递至车内,噪声传递路径为空气传声。因此,提高地板、风挡的密封和隔声性能是降低车内噪声的有效方法。相关研究结果可为100%低地板列车车内减振降噪提供参考。Based on field measurements,the characteristics and distribution of the interior noise of the 100%low-floor train are analyzed in detail.The interior noise sources and the contributions of the air-borne and the structural-borne sound are identified.The interior noise prediction model of the single vehicle is built based on the SEA（statistic energy analysis）method to get the contribution rate of noise power input.Furthermore,counter measures are proposed for control of the interior noise.The results show that although the vehicle bogie located in the middle of the 100%low-floor coach,the interior noise is higher at the both ends of the coach and lower in the middle.The 1/3octave bands with high noise level are in the range of 250-2 000 Hz with center frequencies.And the main source of the vehicle is wheel-rail noise which is identified in the areas of the floor and the vestibule diaphragm.The interior noise at the ends of the coach is from under the coach and transmitted through the vestibule diaphragm and while it in the middle almost comes via the floor.Because the air-borne sound is the most important transfer path,to improve the seal and the sound transmission loss of the floor and the vestibule diaphragm is an effective way to reduce the interior noise.The obtained results provide a useful solid basis for further finding interior noise control measures of the 100%low-floor railway train.

关 键 词：车内噪声 低地板 传递路径 声源识别 统计能量法 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]