糙米、发芽糙米中黄曲霉毒素含量的初步调查分析  

Preliminary Investigation and Analysis of Aflatoxin Content in Brown Rice and Germinated Brown Rice

作　　者：袁列江[1,2] 丁婉[1] 张顺[1] 付湘晋[1] 林亲录[1] 

机构地区：[1]稻谷及副产物深加工国家工程实验室/中南林业科技大学,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省产商品质量监督检验所,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《粮油加工（电子版）》2015年第8期40-43,共4页Machinery for Cereals Oil and Food Processing Main Contents

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科研项目(12C0438);中南林业科技大学本科生科技创新基金项目

摘　　要：南方稻谷收割季节高温高湿气候适合黄曲霉生长繁殖,发芽糙米加工的温度和湿度同样适合黄曲霉生长繁殖,糙米及发芽糙米中黄曲霉毒素超标的风险较高。本文从田间和市场上收集了87个糙米样品,利用酶联免疫法（ELISA）对糙米样品中黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）含量进行了测定,并选用其中2个糙米样品进行发芽,对糙米发芽过程中AFB1含量变化进行了监测。结果表明：市售糙米样品AFB1含量在5.83-18.10μg/kg,田间采集样品的AFB1含量在0.82-6.98μg/kg。糙米发芽过程中,AFB1含量明显上升,最高可增加至60μg/kg。所以,稻米黄曲霉毒素污染始于田间,但储运、加工过程对糙米中AFB1含量的影响更大,发芽糙米加工过程中黄曲霉的控制非常重要。High temperature and humidity of rice harvest season is suitable for growth and reproduction of Aspergillus flavus. Temperature and humidity of germinated brown rice processing is also suitable for growth and reproduction of AspergiUus flavus. There is high risk of aflatoxin for brown rice and germinated brown rice. Eighty-seven rice samples were collected from farmland and market, and content of aflatoxin B1 （AFB1） was determined using enzyme immunoassay （ELISA） . Two kinds of brown rice were selected to process germinated brown rice, and content of AFB1 during germination was monitored. Results showed that, AFB1 content of market brown rice was S.83-18.10μg/kg, that of farmland collected samples were 0.82-6.98μg/kg. During germination, AFB1 content increased significantly to 60μg/kg at the end. Therefore, rice aflatoxin pollution begins in the farmland, but effects of storage and process on AFB1 content in brown rice were greater. And control of Aspergillus flavus hadtaken into account during germination.

关 键 词：糙米 发芽糙米 黄曲霉毒素 酶联免疫法 

分 类 号：TS210.6[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]